Table 4.

Treatment characteristics associated with sepsis in patients with cellulitis

	All n = 606	No sepsis (n = 541)	Sepsis (n = 65)	P value
Treatment before admission
Yes	237 (39.1%)	218 (40.3%)	19 (29.2%)	0.08
No	369 (60.9%)	323 (59.7%)	46 (70.8%)
Initial treatment at admission
Single antibiotic	381 (62.9%)	347 (64.1%)	34 (52.3%)	0.06
> 1 antibiotic	225 (37.1%)	194 (35.9%)	31 (47.7%)
Amoxicillin-clavulanate monotherapy
Yes	259 (42.7%)	231 (42.7%)	28 (43.1%)	1
No	347 (57.3%)	310 (57.3%)	37 (56.9%)
Change of the initial regimen
Yes	184 (30.4%)	148 (27.4%)	36 (55.4%)	< 0.0001
No	422 (69.6%)	393 (72.6%)	29 (44.6%)
Reason for change a
Culture	57 (31.0%)	46 (31.1%)	11 (30.6%)	0.3
Poor response	55 (29.9%)	40 (27.0%)	15 (41.7%)
Toxicity	11 (6.0%)	9 (6.1%)	2 (5.6%)
Others	61 (33.2%)	53 (35.8%)	8 (22.2%)
Days until change a	3.49 (3.16–3.85)	3.40 (3.05–3.79)	3.86 (3.02–4.94)	0.3
Treatment after change a
Single antibiotic	86 (46.7%)	71 (48.0%)	15 (41.7%)	0.5
> 1 antibiotic	98 (53.3%)	77 (52.0%)	21 (58.3%)
Antibiotic treatment after discharge
Yes	504 (85.1%)	453 (84.8%)	51 (87.9%)	0.5
No	88 (14.9%)	81 (15.2%)	7 (12.1%)
Treatment after discharge
Single antibiotic	407 (80.8%)	368 (81.2%)	39 (76.5%)	0.4
> 1 antibiotic	97 (19.2%)	85 (18.8%)	12 (23.5%)
Total number of antibiotics used	1.59 (1.53–1.65)	1.55 (1.49–1.61)	2.02 (1.78–2.28)	< 0.0001
Total number of antibiotics used
1	289 (47.7%)	271 (50.1%)	18 (27.7%)	0.0002
2	191 (31.5%)	169 (31.2%)	22 (33.8%)
3	89 (14.7%)	74 (13.7%)	15 (23.1%)
4	35 (5.8%)	25 (4.6%)	10 (15.4%)
5	2 (0.3%)	2 (0.4%)	0 (0.0%)
Days of IV antibiotic treatment	6.14 (5.78–6.52)	6.00 (5.63–6.38)	7.48 (6.05–9.26)	0.03
Total days of antibiotic treatment	13.27 (12.70–13.87)	13.11 (12.54–13.71)	14.72 (12.39–17.50)	0.19
Surgical treatment
Yes	81 (13.4%)	66 (12.2%)	15 (23.1%)	0.01
No	525 (86.6%)	475 (87.8%)	50 (76.9%)

Values are expressed as mean (95% CI) or % as appropriate

^a Only in patients who underwent treatment modification respect to the initial regimen