Table 3.
Patient characterisitics
| Total study population | N = 348 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (n) | |||
| Male | 63.8% | 222 | |
| median | min./max. | ||
| Age at intervention (years) | 64 | 18/94 | |
| Age-adjusted Charlson index | 5 | 0/12 | |
| Cardiovascular disease | 42.2% | 147 | |
| Malignoma | 40.5% | 141 | |
| Liver disease | 27.6% | 96 | |
| Diabetes | 24.1% | 84 | |
| Kidney disease | 20.4% | 71 | |
| Pulmonary disease | 15.2% | 53 | |
| Neurologic disorder | 8.6% | 30 | |
| MDR colonization | 15.6% | 59 | |
| Preexisting biliary tract pathologiesa | 83.0% | 289 | |
| Papillotomy | 30.7% | 107 | |
| Malignant stenosis | 30.5% | 106 | |
| Biliodigestive anastomosis | 28.7% | 100 | |
| Choledocholithiasis | 23.9% | 83 | |
| Benign stenosis | 23.6% | 82 | |
| Liver transplatation | 13.2% | 46 | |
| Prior biliary tract interventions | |||
| Yes | 81.0% | 282 | |
| No | 18.4% | 64 | |
| N.d. | 0.6% | 2 | |
| median | min./max. | ||
| Number of prior interventionsb | 2 | 0/32 | |
| Preexisting biliary tract drainage | |||
| Yes | 58.9% | 205 | |
| No | 41.1% | 143 | |
| N.d. | 8.0% | 28 | |
| Antibiotic pre-treatment within 90 d | |||
| Yes | 46.6% | 162 | |
| No | 45.4% | 158 | |
| N.d. | 8.0% | 28 | |
| Indication for recent intervention | |||
| Stenosis | 25.9% | 90 | |
| Choledocholithiasis | 21.0% | 73 | |
| Catheter related | 14.4% | 50 | |
| Drainage after LTX | 8.0% | 28 | |
| Liver abscess | 4.9% | 17 | |
| Pancreatitis | 4.6% | 16 | |
| Other | 21.3% | 74 | |
| Route of biliary drainage | |||
| Endoscopic | 58.3% | 203 | |
| Percutaneous | 40.5% | 141 | |
| N.d. | 1.1% | 4 | |
| Successful biliary decompression | |||
| Yes | 92.8% | 323 | |
| No | 3.4% | 12 | |
| N.d. | 3.7% | 13 | |
| Outcome | |||
| Death | 14.4% | 50 | |
| Admission to ICU | 37.6% | 131 | |
| median | |||
| Length of hospital stay (days) | 16.5 | 1/367 | |
N.d., not determinable/not documented
MDR, multi-drug resistant bacteria including MRSA, MRGN, and VRE
aOne or more underlying conditions possible in one individual
b The exact number of prior biliary tract interventions was known in 260 cases