Table 3.

Substance-related characteristics of patients with mental disorders visiting a psychiatry outpatient unit in Mekelle town, psychiatric clinics, Northern Ethiopia, 2019 (n = 85, control = 51, and case = 34)

Variable	Category	Control (n = 51)	Case (n = 34)
Nicotine	Sometimes	8(53.3)	2(18.2)
	Often	3(20.0)	7(63.6)
	Usually	4(26.7)	2(18.2)
Khat	Sometimes	5(33.3)	5(71.4)
	Often	6(40.0)	0(0.0)
	Usually	4(26.7)	2(28.6)
Alcohol	Sometimes	9(42.9)	10(62.5)
	Often	6(28.6)	2(12.5)
	Usually	6(28.6)	4(25.0)
Nicotine	1–2 years	7(46.7)	4(36.4)
	2–3 years	2(13.3)	0(0.0)
	3–4 years	1(6.7)	2(18.2)
	≥ 4 years	5(33.3)	5(45.5)
Khat	1–2 years	6(40.0)	2(28.6)
	2–3 years	1(6.7)	3(42.9)
	3–4 years	5(33.3)	1(14.3)
	≥ 4 years	3(20.0)	1(14.3)
Alcohol	1–2 years	2(9.5)	8(50.0)
	2–3 years	1(4.8)	3(18.8)
	3–4 years	5(23.8)	2(12.5)
	≥ 4 years	13(61.9)	3(18.8)