Table 2.
Sample Characteristics
| Variable | BPT (n = 64) | EP (n = 69) | Total (n = 133) | Test of group differences | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F/χ2 | T/ U | p | |||||||
| Age a, M (SD) | 41.0 | (12.2) | 42.8 | (12.7) | 42.0 | (12.5) | 2025.00 | .410 | |
| Sex: female, n (%) | 45 | (70.3) | 47 | (68.1) | 92 | (69.2) | 0.08 | .784 | |
| School education, n (%) | 0.36 | .550 | |||||||
| < 9 years | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (1.4) | 1 | (0.8) | |||
| 9 years | 6 | (9.4) | 4 | (5.8) | 10 | (7.5) | |||
| 10 years | 16 | (25.0) | 24 | (34.8) | 40 | (30.1) | |||
| ≥ 12 years | 42 | (65.6) | 40 | (58.0) | 82 | (61.7) | |||
| BMI a, M (SD) | 23.8 | (3.3) | 24.8 | (4.3) | 24.3 | (3.9) | 1883.50 | .144 | |
| Attitude towards sports: positive, n (%) | 62 | (96.9) | 68 | (98.6) | 130 | (97.7) | 0.42 | .516 | |
| Additional psychotherapy: yes, n (%) | 38 | (59.4) | 24 | (34.8) | 62 | (46.6) | 8.07 | .005* | |
| Antidepressants: yes, n (%) | 32 | (50.0) | 33 | (47.8) | 65 | (48.9) | 0.06 | .802 | |
| First depressive episode: yes, n (%) | 15 | (23.4) | 21 | (30.4) | 36 | (27.1) | 0.82 | .364 | |
| Number of depressive episodes b, n (%) | 0.01 | .941 | |||||||
| 1–2 | 5 | (8.9) | 10 | (18.2) | 15 | (13.5) | |||
| 3–4 | 14 | (25.0) | 5 | (9.1) | 19 | (17.1) | |||
| 5–10 | 6 | (10.7) | 9 | (16.4) | 15 | (13.5) | |||
| < 10 or chronic depression (> 2 years) | 31 | (55.4) | 31 | (56.4) | 62 | (55.9) | |||
| Additional morbidities c, MDN (IQR) | 0 | (1) | 0 | (1) | 0 | (1) | 2161.50 | .812 | |
| Baseline measures (t0) | |||||||||
| Depression | |||||||||
| MADRS, M (SD) | 23.5 | (8.9) | 22.2 | (9.1) | 22.8 | (9.0) | −0.81 | .421 | |
| PHQ-9, M (SD) | 13.5 | (5.5) | 13.2 | (5.0) | 13.4 | (5.2) | −0.31 | .756 | |
| Anxiety (GAD-7), M (SD) | 11.0 | (4.2) | 11.3 | (4.2) | 11.1 | (4.2) | 0.50 | .618 | |
| Body Image (FKB-20), M (SD) | 24.0 | (6.7) | 23.3 | (6.2) | 23.7 | (6.4) | 0.63 | .533 | |
| Global self-esteem (R-SES) a, M (SD) | 13.3 | (5.6) | 14.2 | (5.1) | 13.8 | (5.4) | 1961.50 | .266 | |
| Coping (FERUS), M (SD) | 33.2 | (7.5) | 33.9 | (6.8) | 33.6 | (7.1) | 0.59 | .558 | |
| Interpersonal sensitivity (SCL-90) a, M (SD) | 68.9 | (8.6) | 69.0 | (7.5) | 68.9 | (8.0) | 2208.00 | 1.00 | |
Note. BMI Body Mass Index; MADRS Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale; PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire 9 Items; GAD-7 Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7; FKB-20 Body Image Questionnaire; R-SES Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; FERUS Questionnaire on Resources and Self-Management Skills; SCL-90 Symptom-Checklist; MADRS scores > 31 indicate severe depression, scores ≤10 indicate remission; PHQ-9 0–4: minimal depression, 5–9: mild depression, 10–14: moderate depression, 15–19: moderately severe depression, 20–27: severe depression; GAD-7 scores ≥5, ≥ 10, and ≥ 15 indicate mild, moderate, and severe anxiety symptoms
a the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test indicated a significant deviation from a normal distribution, but no deviation was observed via histograms; therefore, the mean value (M) and standard deviation (SD) is reported; bn = 211 (22 missing values); c both the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and an optical inspection (histogram) indicated a significant deviation from a normal distribution; therefore, the median (MDN) and the interquartile range (IQR) are reported; * p ≤ .05