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. 2020 Mar 12;15:24. doi: 10.1186/s13020-020-00306-0

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 6 — Effects of JSD on the PKCα/PI3K/Akt and NF-κB/α-SMA signaling pathways in the kidney tissues of DN mice. Relative levels of phosphorylated the Akt-Ser473, IRS-Ser307, PI3K p85, iNOS, COX-2, I-κBα, and NF-κB p65 proteins were determined with total and phosphorylated forms or β-actin for normalization determined by western blotting. Normal, normal group; Control, STZ-induced DN control group; JSD-100, 100 mg/kg JSD-administered group; JSD-500, 500 mg/kg JSD-administered group; and Met-250, 250 mg/kg metformin-administered group. Data are expressed as the mean ± S.D. (n = 7). *p < 0.05, and **p < 0.01, the control group vs. the normal group (a) and the JSD-100, JSD-500 and Met-250 groups vs. the control group (b)