Table 3. Association between clinical medications and ADPKD patient outcomes using time-dependent Cox proportional hazard regression.

Medication (yes vs. no)	All-cause mortality		Ischemic stroke		Hemorrhagic stroke		ESRD
	Crude	Adjusted	Crude	Adjusted	Crude	Adjusted	Crude	Adjusted
ACE-Is	3.44 (1.19-9.96)*	2.35 (0.69-8.07)	14.5 (1.65-126)*	9.50 (0.92-97.9)	2.26 (0.76-6.73)	1.88 (0.57-6.18)	1.49 (1.01-2.20)*	1.29 (0.86-1.94)
ARBs	0.78 (0.28-2.18)	0.70 (0.20-2.50)	0.66 (0.14-3.04)	0.48 (0.08-2.74)	1.23 (0.42-3.63)	1.05 (0.32-3.52)	1.72 (1.18-2.53)**	1.26 (0.84-1.90)
Statins	1.08 (0.30-3.87)	0.76 (0.18-3.32)	1.64 (0.30-8.91)	1.93 (0.26-14.2)	1.72 (0.52-5.66)	1.04 (0.26-4.25)	0.73 (0.43-1.24)	0.47 (0.27-0.85)*
Allopurinol	10.2 (3.55-29.3)***	6.44 (1.72-24.2)**	NA	NA	2.42 (0.53-11.0)	1.45 (0.26-8.09)	1.72 (0.92-3.21)	1.12 (0.56-2.24)
Pentoxifylline	3.41 (1.15-10.1)*	2.97 (0.75-11.8)	1.03 (0.12-8.92)	2.00 (0.17-23.6)	3.86 (1.25-11.9)*	3.27 (0.94-11.4)	2.33 (1.51-3.61)***	1.93 (1.20-3.09)**

Adjusted for age, gender, geography, all comorbidity, and medications.

* p<0.05, ** p <0.01, *** p<0.001