Figure 4. Management of suspected CIED infection. CIED: Cardiac implantable electronic devices; Antimicrobial therapy should be at least 4-6 weeks for endocarditis (4 weeks for native valve, 6 weeks for prosthetic valve or staphylococcal valvular endocarditis). If lead vegetation is present in the absence of a valve vegetation, 4 weeks of antibiotics for Staphylococcus aureus and 2 weeks for other pathogens is recommended.* Usually the contralateral side; a subcutaneous ICD may also be considered; ** 2010 AHA CIED Infection Update distinguishes between pocket infection and erosion.[70,415].
