. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: Psychol Addict Behav. 2019 Nov 7;33(8):697–709. doi: 10.1037/adb0000521

Table 3.

DIF analyses of the CUDIT items in cannabis users as a function of gender (n=1960).

		Omnibus Test		a		b₁		b₂		b₃		b₄

Items		Δ χ²	p	Δ χ²	p	Δ χ²	p	Δ χ²	p	Δ χ²	p	Δ χ²	p
1	frequency of use	5.388	0.250	0.741	0.389	4.060	0.044	2.222	0.136	3.079	0.079
2	usual hours being stoned	1.883	0.757	1.377	0.241	1.680	0.195	1.504	0.220	1.076	0.300	2.804	0.094
3	stoned for 6 or more hours	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
4	not able to stop	13.559	0.009	2.161	0.142	6.636	0.010	7.644	0.006	5.618	0.018	1.867	0.172
5	failed to do what expected	22.553	<0.001	0.437	0.509	0.388	0.533	0.028	0.867	2.415	0.120	5.989	0.014
6	morning use	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
7	guilt/remorse	3.905	0.419	0.493	0.483	2.193	0.139	1.201	0.273	1.821	0.177	0.158	0.691
8	memory/concentration problems	16.105	0.003	1.688	0.194	8.977	0.003	7.552	0.006	7.390	0.007	4.641	0.031
10	concerned others	1.947	0.378	0.058	0.810	0.588	0.443

Note: Δχ² – change in chi-square statistic between models freely estimating and constraining parameters to be equal; a - discrimination parameter; b_1-4 - difficulty parameters for transition between response levels for each item; bold text indicates nominal significance at p<0.05. Items 3 and 6 were selected as anchor items, and thus were not tested for DIF.