. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: Pediatrics. 2019 Oct;144(4):e20192528. doi: 10.1542/peds.2019-2528

TABLE 4.

KAS 3: In the evaluation of a child or adolescent for ADHD, the PCC should include a process to at least screen for comorbid conditions, including emotional or behavioral conditions (eg, anxiety, depression, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorders, substance use), developmental conditions (eg, learning and language disorders, autism spectrum disorders), and physical conditions (eg, tics, sleep apnea). (Grade B: strong recommendation.)

Aggregate evidence quality	Grade B
Benefits	Identifying comorbid conditions is important in developing the most appropriate treatment plan for the child or adolescent with ADHD.
Risks, harm, cost	The major risk is misdiagnosing the comorbid condition(s) and providing inappropriate care.
Benefit-harm assessment	There is a preponderance of benefits over harm.
Intentional vagueness	None.
Role of patient preferences	None.
Exclusions	None.
Strength	Strong recommendation.
Key references	Cuffe et al⁵¹; Pastor and Reuben⁵²; Bieiderman et al⁵³; Bieiderman et al⁵⁴; Bieiderman et al⁷²; Crabtree et al⁵⁷; LeBourgeois et al⁵⁸; Chan¹¹⁵; Newcorn et al⁶⁰; Sung et al⁶¹; Larson et al⁶⁶; Mahajan et al⁶⁵; Antshel et al⁶⁴; Rothenberger and Roessner⁶³; Froehlich et al⁶²