FIG 1.

Filamentation of Candida auris (UACa11) in the presence of genotoxic drugs. (A) Microscopy images of C. auris filamentation after growing strain UACa11 cells on YPD plates with or without the addition of the indicated drug after 3 days at 30°C. A bright-field image is shown on the left, and a merged fluorescent image (chitin stained by calcofluor white [blue] and DNA stained by SYBR green I [green]) is shown on the right. (B) Cells grown on YPD plates containing 100 mM HU for 3 days at 30°C stained for actin using rhodamine-phalloidin (RhoPha) (bottom image). The bright-field image is on top. (C) Details of colonies from strain UACA11 grown on YPD plates in the absence and presence of 100 mM hydroxyurea (HU) for 6 days at 30°C. Scale bars, 10 mm (left) and 1 mm (right). (D) Lengths of filaments of wild-type (UACa11) cells grown in YPD medium containing 100 mM HU, 0.02% MMS, or 5 μg/ml 5-FC for 18 to 20 h at 30°C (n = 50 for each replicate). Only cells longer than 6 μm were considered filaments. The dotted line indicates the average length of 300 yeast cells (wild-type UACa11 grown in YPD medium for 18 to 20 h at 30°C). *, P < 0.05 (by Wilcoxon rank sum test); ns, not significant. (E) Microscopy images of representative filaments of C. auris UACa11 formed in liquid culture. Cells were stained as described for panel A. After arrest in G₁, cultures were grown for 165 min in YPD medium before the indicated drugs were added (time point 0 h). Bright-field images are shown in the top rows, and fluorescent images are shown at bottom. Scale bar, 10 μm.