Table 1.

Pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic ncRNAs.

ncRNA	PRO-apoptotic role	Cellular/animal model	Relevant references (original papers)
Let-7	• Inhibition of BCL2L1 • Upregulation of BAK and BAX, and downregulation of BCL-xL	• Colorectal cancer • Leukemia	Mizuno et al.46 Huang et al.47
miR-15/16	• Repression of BCL-2 and BMI1	• Chronic lymphatic leukemia • Mantle cell lymphoma	Cimmino et al.52 Teshima et al.53
miR-34	• Regulation of proteins involved in cell death: BCL-2, BIRC5 (Survivin), CREB, and YY1	• Pancreatic cancer • Myeloid leukemia • Neuroblastoma • Laryngeal squamous cell cancer	Chang et al.67 Pigazzi et al.68 Chen et al.69 Shen et al.70
miR-29	• Repression of MCL-1 expression	• Acute myeloid leukemia	Garzon et al.76
GAS5	• Induction of apoptosis in a mouse model	• Brest cancer (mouse)	Mourtada-Maarabouni et al.103
MEG3	• Induction of p53	• Colorectal cancer	Zhou et al.108
NIKLA	• Activation of apoptosis in tumor-specific CTLs	• Breast cancer and lung cancer	Huang et al.113
NEAT1a	• Enhanced apoptosis after DNA damage	• Chronic lymphocytic leukemia	Blume et al.116
circFOXO3	• Increased PUMA expression	• Breast cancer (mouse)	Du et al.147

ncRNA	ANTI-apoptotic role	Cellular/animal model	Relevant references (original papers)
miR-21	• expression of pro-apoptotic genes: APAF11, PDCD4, RHOB, and FASLG	• Non-small cell lung cancer	Hatley et al.84
miR-155	• Repression of SHIP-1	• B lymphocytes • Hematopoietic cells	Costinean et al.91 O’Connell et al.92
miR-221	• Increased apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest	• Hepatocellular carcinoma	Park et al.98
CCAT	• Interaction with p63 and SOX2	• Squamous cell carcinoma	Jiang et al.123
FAL1	• Interaction with BMI1	• Pan-cancer database	Hu et al.128
PVT1	• Downregulation of Caspase-7, Caspase-9, and PARP	• Nasopharyngeal carcinoma	He et al.132

^aControversial role since NEAT1 has also been correlated to an oncogenic activity in some tumor types.