Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2020 Mar 12;10:4569. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-61288-5

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Pathway analysis of genes highlighted by forecASD. When testing the top-decile genes according to forecASD for Reactome pathway enrichment, pathways emerged that were represented, but not enriched in the SFARI HC list (a). In panel a, for each pathway, the top bar represents the number of genes (number) and the enrichment (color) for that pathway in top decile forecASD genes, while the bottom represents the enrichment for that pathway in SFARI HC genes. Other pathways were highly enriched in forecASD genes that were not represented at all in the SFARI HC list, even though they have associated literature suggesting a role in autism (b). forecASD is more sensitive than SFARI HC to pathways that are differentially regulated in the brains of individuals with autism, particularly in ASD-upregulated pathways (c), but also in downregulated pathways (d). Using the top decile of TADA (− log10 FDR) genes showed similar sensitivity to SFARI HC (not shown), suggesting that rare variant approaches may be less sensitive in implicating genes found through gene expression studies.