Table 3.
Estimated results of the RPOP model.
| Injury | Evacuation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter Estimate | z-Statics | Parameter Estimate | z−Statics | ||
| Constant | −1.26 ** | −2.49 | −1.13 * | −1.95 | |
| Threshold u1 | 0.28 *** | 10.66 | 0.68 *** | 12.68 | |
| Threshold u2 | 1.12 *** | 17.04 | 1.43 *** | 12.62 | |
| Hazmat factors | Type of Hazmat (Reference: Flammable Liquids) | ||||
| Gases | 0.02 (0.40 ***) | 0.22 (3.45) | 0.47 *** (0.26 **) | 4.71 (2.41) | |
| Explosives | 1.39 *** | 4.07 | 1.66 *** | 6.68 | |
| Poisons | 0.03 (0.44 *) | 0.16 (1.95) | 0.32 *(0.72 ***) | 1.6 (2.65) | |
| Corrosives | −0.18 * (0.34 ***) | −1.68 (3.13) | −0.13 (0.72 ***) | −1.09 (4.74) | |
| Others | −0.29 ** | −2.05 | −−− | −−− | |
| Quantity of Hazmat (Reference:<10) | |||||
| 25−39 | −−− | −−− | 0.15 ** | 2.01 | |
| ≥40 | −−− | −−− | 0.23 ** | 2.45 | |
| Driver factors | Misoperation (Reference: No) | ||||
| Yes | 0.37 ***(0.25 ***) | 3.00 (7.61) | 0.05 (0.07 **) | 0.32 (2.21) | |
| Driver fatigue (Reference: No) | |||||
| Yes | 0.63 *** | 2.91 | −−− | −−− | |
| Speeding (Reference: No) | |||||
| Yes | 0.33 * | 1.69 | −−− | −−− | |
| Location factors | Road Types (Reference: County Road) | ||||
| Provincial road | −−− | −−− | −−− | −−− | |
| State Road | −−− | −−− | −−− | −−− | |
| City road | −−− | −−− | −−− | −−− | |
| Freeway | −0.04 (1.22 ***) | 0.27 (7.18) | −0.32 ** (0.66 ***) | 2.08 (4.02) | |
| Road Surface (Reference: Dry) | |||||
| Wet | −0.20 (0.18 **) | 1.85 (2.07) | −0.31 *** (0.38 ***) | 2.67 (3.74) | |
| Tunnel (Reference: No) | |||||
| Yes | 0.91 *** | 3.89 | −−− | −−− | |
| Grade (Reference: No) | |||||
| Yes | 0.52 *** | 2.82 | −−− | −−− | |
| Environment factors | Seasons (Reference: Winter) | ||||
| Autumn | −0.20 * | −1.74 | −−− | −−− | |
| Spring | −0.22 ** | −2.08 | −−− | −−− | |
| Weekly Distribution (Reference: Weekends) | |||||
| Weekdays | −−− | −−− | 0.14 * | 1.53 | |
| Lighting Intensity (Reference: Dark) | |||||
| Dusk | −0.39 ** | −2.22 | 0.28 ** | 1.97 | |
| Vehicle factors | Number of Vehicles (Reference:1) | ||||
| 3 | 0.64 *** | 2.93 | −−− | −−− | |
| ≥4 | 0.66 *** | 2.90 | −−− | −−− | |
| Accidents factors | Type of Accidents (Reference: Rear−End) | ||||
| Sideswipe | −0.74 * | −1.94 | −−− | −−− | |
| Vehicle failure | −0.76 *** | −3.81 | −−− | −−− | |
| Accident Consequence (Reference: Explosion) | |||||
| Fire | −0.68 *** | −3.31 | −0.49 *** | −2.63 | |
| Spill | −0.87 *** (0.88 ***) | −4.90 (6.32) | −0.64 *** (0.58 ***) | 3.90 * (2.91) | |
| Non−spill | −0.68 *** (0.49 **) | −2.61 (2.1) | −0.74 *** (1.50 ***) | −2.66 (8.33) | |
Note 1: ***, **, *, respectively, mean 99%, 95%, and 90% level of confidence. Note 2: u0 is normalized to zero.