Table 1.

Participant’s characteristics according to passive smoking status (ZJMPHS Program, Zhejiang, China).

Variables	Passive Smoking Exposure				p-Value
	No		Yes
	n	%	n	%
Age (years)
Mean (SD)	70.3	(7.0)	69.0	(6.5)	<0.001
Ethnicity
Han	5794	86.4	914	13.6	<0.001
Other	172	68.5	79	31.5
Sex
Female	2932	82.1	641	17.9	<0.001
Male	3035	89.6	352	10.4
BMI, kg/m2
18.5–24.99	3740	86.4	589	13.6	0.434
<18.5	299	87.7	42	12.3
>24.99	1663	85.5	283	14.5
Education
Illiterate or semiliterate	2902	85.8	482	14.2	0.448
Primary school	2616	85.3	450	14.7
Junior high school	380	88.0	52	12.0
High school graduation or higher	69	88.5	9	11.5
Marital status
Unmarried	80	83.3	16	16.7	<0.001
Married	4637	84.6	847	15.4
Widowed	1213	90.7	125	9.3
Divorced	25	86.2	4	13.8
Job
Never worked	1356	80.8	322	19.2	<0.001
Farmers	2697	88.2	361	11.8
Housework	717	87.3	104	12.7
Workers	616	84.5	113	15.5
Others	557	86.2	89	13.8
Family income (1000 ¥/year)
<10	952	90.4	101	9.6	<0.001
10–19	1350	88.6	174	11.4
20–49	1636	85.6	276	14.4
50–99	992	81.4	226	18.6
≥100	1032	82.8	214	17.2
Participation in group activities
Never	3706	86.8	563	13.2	0.003
Occasional	1522	83.6	298	16.4
Frequent	735	84.8	132	15.2
Smoking
Non-smokers	4211	85.4	718	14.6	0.284
Current smokers	1164	85.8	192	14.2
Ex-smokers	592	87.7	83	12.3
Alcohol consumption
Nondrinkers	4012	85.9	656	14.1	0.076
Current drinkers	1569	86.1	253	13.9
Ex-drinkers	378	82.2	82	17.8
Tea drinking
Nondrinkers	4389	87.2	646	12.8	<0.001
Current drinkers	1453	82.0	319	18.0
Ex-drinkers	110	84.6	20	15.4
Physical exercise
No	4824	86.1	776	13.9	0.064
Yes	1139	84.2	214	15.8
Physical work
No	3975	86.4	628	13.6	0.112
Yes	1981	84.9	351	15.1
Stroke
No	5807	85.7	971	14.3	0.314
Yes	159	88.3	21	11.7
High blood pressure
No	3140	85.2	546	14.8	0.169
Yes	2826	86.3	447	13.7
Hyperlipidemia
No	5710	85.8	946	14.2	0.437
Yes	250	84.2	47	15.8
Diabetes
No	5384	85.9	887	14.1	0.329
Yes	577	84.5	106	15.5
Coronary heart disease
No	5743	85.7	960	14.3	0.552
Yes	221	87.0	33	13.0
Chronic bronchitis
No	5851	85.9	959	14.1	0.003
Yes	112	77.2	33	22.8
Gallstones
No	5774	86.0	940	14.0	0.001
Yes	190	78.2	53	21.8
Tumor
No	5823	85.7	973	14.3	0.497
Yes	141	87.6	20	12.4
Arthritis
No	5768	85.9	946	14.1	0.017
Yes	188	80.3	46	19.7
Cataract
No	5687	85.9	930	14.1	0.020
Yes	276	81.4	63	18.6
Depressive symptoms
Normal	5157	85.6	869	14.4	0.524
Mild depression	607	86.3	96	13.7
Moderate depression	164	86.8	25	13.2
Heavy depression	39	92.9	3	7.1

ZJMPHS Program: Zhejiang Major Public Health Surveillance Program.