Table 2.

Microbial flocculants used in several common wastewaters.

Wastewater Type	Contaminant Category	Flocculating Microorganisms	References
Coal slurry wastewater	Coal waste slurry	Azotobacter chroococcum	[44]
	Coal slurry	Rhodopseudomonas spheroides	[45]
	Coal-water slurry	Nitrogen-fixing bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis Escherichia coli White rot fungi Yeast Aspergillus niger	[46]
	Fine coal	Bacillus subtilis	[47]
Food wastewater	Bioethanol mill wastewater	White-rot fungus Trametes versicolor INACC F200	[48]
	Suspended solids Metal ions	Bacillus subtilis R 23 B. lichenifomis ATCC 9945A B. lichenifomis CCRC 12826 B. licheniformis CICC10099	[49]
	Poultry slaughterhouse wastewater	Comamonas sp.	[50]
	Starch wastewater	Bacillus mucilaginosus MBFA9	[51]
	Starch wastewater	Bacillus licheniformis X14	[52]
	dairy wastewater Fe Al Mn Zn COD	Terrabacter sp.	[53]
Municipal wastewater	Harmful algae	Klebsiella pneumoniae strain NY1	[54]
Landfill leachates	Humic acids	Rhizomonas sp.	[29]
Heavy metal wastewater	Cu(II)	Ultrasonic assisted Spirulina platensis	[55]
	Cu(II)	Sulphuric acid modified Spirulina platensis	[56]
	Pb(II)	Paenibacillus sp. strain A9	[57]
	Pb(II)	P. polymyxa CCTCC M206017	[58]
	Pb(II) Zn(II)	Paenibacillus sp. strain A9 (MBFA9)	[59]
	Ni(II)	Paenibacillus polymyxa GA1	[60]
	Cr(II) Ni(II)	Herbaspirillium sp. CH7 Paenibacillus sp. CH11 Bacillus sp. CH15 Halomonas sp.	[61]
	Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd	Paenibacillus polymyxa	[62]
	Fe (III) Cd(II)	Aspergillus niger	[63]
	Minerals	Rhodococcus opacus	[64]
Papermaking wastewater	CODCr content absorbance	Aspergillus niger	[65]
	Detergents cellulose	Bacillus subtilis Rhodococcus Bacteroides succinicum White rot fungus bacterial	[66]
	COD Colority	PSBF	[67]
Textile wastewater	Cu(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II)	Bacillus sp. Pseudomonas sp.	[68]
	Biavin medium blue dye Cr(II) Ni(II)	Herbaspirillium sp. CH7 Paenibacillus sp. CH11 Bacillus sp. CH15 Halomonas sp.	[61]
	Anthraquinone based Reactive Blue 19	Enterobacter sp. F NCIM 5545	[69]
	Acid and reactive dyes	Pleurotus osstreatus Aspergillus niger Penicillium spp.	[70]
Printing and dyeing wastewater	Congo red (CR)	Klebsiella peneumoniae	[71]
	Methylene blue	Paenibacillus polymyxa GA1	[72]