Table 4.

Mortality rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals examining area-level risk of colorectal cancer mortality by socioeconomic status and Race/Ethnicity, and examining the role of preventive efforts, Compressed Mortality File 1999–2012.

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
	MRR (95% CI)	MRR (95% CI)	MRR (95% CI)
Socioeconomic Status	0.971 (0.963, 0.979)	0.968 (0.96, 0.976)	0.952 (0.942, 0.962)
Race/Ethnicity
White	1.000	1.000	1.000
Black Race	0.875 (0.645, 1.187)	1.197 (0.864, 1.658)	1.332 (0.964, 1.84)
Hispanic	0.626 (0.598, 0.656)	1.478 (1.269, 1.72)	1.573 (1.352, 1.829)
Asian/Pacific Islander	0.236 (0.132, 0.422)	0.361 (0.19, 0.683)	0.346 (0.183, 0.654)
Native American	2.342 (1.422, 3.858)	4.498 (2.412, 8.387)	4.846 (2.591, 9.061)
Male	1.407 (1.394, 1.421)	1.28 (1.15, 1.426)	1.345 (1.231, 1.47)
Year	0.967 (0.962, 0.973)	0.963 (0.955, 0.971)	0.963 (0.955, 0.971)
Socioeconomic Status x Year	0.994 (0.993, 0.995)	0.994 (0.993, 0.995)	0.997 (0.995, 0.999)
Race/Ethnicity x Year
White	1.000	1.000	1.000
Black Race	0.986 (0.943, 1.031)	0.977 (0.933, 1.023)	0.977 (0.934, 1.023)
Hispanic	1.019 (1.013, 1.026)	1.008 (1.002, 1.014)	1.008 (1.002, 1.014)
Asian/Pacific Islander	1.049 (0.977, 1.127)	1.065 (0.985, 1.151)	1.061 (0.983, 1.147)
Native American	0.959 (0.895, 1.027)	0.932 (0.858, 1.013)	0.934 (0.858, 1.016)
Mechanisms
Colonoscopy		0.662 (0.631, 0.696)	0.669 (0.637, 0.702)
Blood stool test		1.316 (1.282, 1.35)	1.23 (1.199, 1.262)
Smoking		0.761 (0.734, 0.789)	0.733 (0.707, 0.76)
Never Exercise		0.519 (0.479, 0.562)	0.502 (0.464, 0.544)
Obesity		1.236 (1.152, 1.326)	1.185 (1.105, 1.271)
Low Fruit Intake		1.038 (0.923, 1.167)	1.04 (0.926, 1.168)
Socioeconomic Mechanisms
Colonoscopy			0.977 (0.96, 0.996)
Blood stool test			1.157 (1.136, 1.178)

Note: Models also adjust for age in years and sex and integrate state-level random intercepts.