Table 1.
Overview of promising combination therapy of chemotherapeutic agents and metabolic modulators.
| Chemotherapeutic agents | Targets | Therapeutic strategy | Type of cancer | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cisplatin | - Increased expression and enzymatic activity of G6PD | Combination of 6-AN and CDDP | Ovarian cancer | (107) |
| - Increased glutamine consumption and increased expression of the glutamine transporter ASCT2 and of GLS | Combination of BPTES and CDDP | Ovarian cancer | (108) | |
| - Increased PGC-1α levels | Silencing PGC-1α | Small cell lung carcinoma | (109) | |
| - Increased expression of FASN | Combination between Orlistat and CDDP | Lung carcinoma | (110) | |
| Doxorubicin | - Increased expression of 6- phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (G6GD) | G6GD knockdown or Physcion treatment | Anaplastic thyroid cancer | (111) |
| - Increased glycolysis | 3-bromopyruvate treatment | Neuroblastoma | (112) | |
| Daunorubicin | - Increased GLUT1 expression | Combination between phloretin and daunorubicin | Leukemia cancer | (113) |
| Paclitaxel | - Increased expression and activity of LDHA | Downregulation of LDHA or Oxamate treatment | Breast cancer | (114) |
| - Increased glycolisis | Combination of 2-DG and paclitaxel | Human osteosarcoma and non-small cell lung cancer | (115) | |
| Docetaxel | - High fatty acid synthase (FASN) activity | Developing | ErbB2-induced breast cancer | (116) |
| - Shift from glycolysis toward OXPHOS | Combination of docetaxel and OXPHOS inhibitors | Prostate cancer | (117) | |
| - mtDNA depletion | Developing | Prostate cancer | (118) | |
| - Increased mitochondrial mass | Developing | Breast cancer | (119, 120) | |
| Tamoxifen | - Increased level of neutral lipids, in particular, cholesterol esters and triglycerides | Developing | Breast cancer | (121) |
| - Increased expression of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARgamma) | Developing | |||
| Enzalutamide | - Increased expression of HMGCR | Combination of simvastatin and enzalutamide | Prostate cancer | (122) |