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. 2020 Mar 12;13:125. doi: 10.1186/s13071-020-3996-4

Table 2.

Univariate analysis of demographic and socioeconomic risk factors affecting antigen and antibody positivity

Factor Level Ag Bm14 Ab Wb123 Ab Any Ab
% positive (n) OR (95% CI) % positive (n) OR (95% CI) % positive (n) OR (95% CI) % positive (n) OR (95% CI)
Sampling site Cannery 1.61 (498) 12.47 (497) 12.68 (497) 18.31 (497)
Clinic 2.33 (172) 1.46 (0.43–4.90) 10.06 (169) 0.78 (0.44–1.38) 7.10 (169) 0.53 (0.28–1.00)** 14.20 (169) 0.74 (0.45–1.20)
Age (per year) 1.01 (0.96–1.06) 1.03(1.00–1.05)*** 1.01 (0.99–1.03) 1.01 (1.00–1.03)*
Age group (years) 15–24 1.14 (88) Ref 6.98 (86) Ref 11.63 (86) Ref 16.28 (86) Ref
25–34 1.63 (123) 1.44 (0.13–16.11) 4.92 (122) 0.69 (0.21–2.22) 5.74 (122) 0.46 (0.17–1.27)* 8.20 (122) 0.46 (0.19–1.09)**
35–44 2.54 (197) 2.27 (0.26–19.68) 16.75 (197) 2.68 (1.08–6.67)*** 13.71 (197) 1.21 (0.56–2.62) 22.34 (197) 1.48 (0.76–2.87)
45–54 1.94 (206) 1.72 (0.19–15.64) 12.68 (205) 1.94 (0.77–4.89)* 13.66 (205) 1.20 (0.56–2.60) 18.05 (205) 1.13 (0.58–2.22)
> 55 0 (56) na 14.29 (56) 2.22 (0.73–6.79)* 5.36 (56) 0.43 (0.11–1.64) 17.86 (56) 1.11 (0.46–2.73)
Gender Female 1.26 (398) 7.09 (395) 6.84 (395) 10.89 (395)
Male 2.83 (247) 2.30 (0.72–7.30)* 18.62 (247) 3.00 (1.82–4.95)**** 17.81 (247) 2.95 (1.78–4.91)**** 26.72 (247) 2.98 (1.95–4.56)****
Ethnicity Non-Samoan 0 (16) # 12.50 (16) 12.50 (16) 25.0 (16)
Samoan 1.90 (630) na 11.80 (627) 0.94 (0.21–4.20) 11.32 (627) 0.89 (0.20–4.01) 17.07 (627) 0.62 (0.19–1.95)
SES quantile Per decr. quantile 2.18 (0.90–5.01)** 1.28 (0.94–1.76)* 1.43 (1.03–1.99)*** 1.44 (1.09–1.89)***
SES quantile (by group) Low 2.59 (232) ## 14.29 (231) 1.63 (0.86–3.12) 13.85 (231) 2.21 (1.08–4.52)*** 21.65 (231) 2.08 (1.17–3.68)***
Medium 2.38 (252) na 11.20 (250) 1.24 (0.64–2.40) 11.60 (250) 1.80 (0.87–3.72)* 16.4 (250) 1.48 (0.82–2.65)*
High 0 (162) 9.26 (162) Ref 6.79 (162) Ref 11.73 (162) Ref
Persons per house Per person 0.93 (0.75–1.15) 1.03 (0.96–1.11) 0.97 (0.89–1.05) 1.04 (0.98–1.11)
Education Snr 2ndary or higher 2.07 (580) # 10.92 (577) 10.75 (577) 16.46 (577)
< Snr 2ndary 0 (64) na 17.19 (64) 1.69 (0.84–3.41)* 12.50 (64) 1.19 (0.54–2.60) 20.31 (64) 1.29 (0.68–2.47)
Work location Indoor 1.69 (534) # 11.63 (533) 11.07 (533) 16.7 (533)
Outdoor or mixed 0 (38) na 18.42 (38) 1.72 (0.72–4.06) 18.42 (38) 1.81 (0.76–4.30)* 26.32 (38) 1.78 (0.84–3.80)*

# not significant (Fisher’s exact test), ## P < 0.04 by Fisher’s exact test comparing High vs Med+Low SES

*P < 0.2, **P < 0.1, ***P < 0.05, ****P < 0.01

Abbreviations: Ag: antigen (ICT and/or Og4C3); n, no .positive; N, no. tested; na, not available (zero cases); Snr 2ndary, senior secondary; per decr, per decreasing; Ref, reference category