Table 2.

Patient characteristics in the low and high TB groups

Variables	Low TB (n = 54)	High TB (n = 24)	p value
Age (y.o.)	69 (40–87)	69 (39–78	0.630
Gender (Male/Female)	31 / 23	16 / 8	0.441
Neoadjuvant therapy	25 (46.3%)	11 (45.8%)	0.970
PTPE	12 (22.2%)	6 (25.0%)	0.788
Initial tumor marker
CEA (ng/mL)	3.6 (0.6–38.4)	3.6 (0.7–28.0)	0.862
CA19–9 (U/mL)	76.6 (1.0–7898)	106.6 (1.0–9278)	0.681
Preoperative tumor marker
CEA (ng/mL)	3.0 (0.7–32.2)	3.2 (0.5–32.3)	0.492
CA19–9 (U/mL)	56.9 (1.0–11,659)	89.7 (1.0–9278)	0.174
Type of liver resection			0.109
No liver resection	5 (9.3%)	0
S1,5,6,7,8	16 (29.6%)	10 (41.7%)
S1,4,5,6,7,8	19 (35.2%)	8 (33.3%)
S1,2,3,4	3 (5.6%)	2 (8.3%)
S1,2,3,4,5,8	3 (5.6%)	4 (16.7%)
Others	8 (14.8%)	0
HPD	3 (5.6%)	1 (4.2%)	0.797
Combined HA and/or PV resection	23 (42.6%)	16 (66.7%)	0.050
Operation time (min)	603 (383–1030)	622 (422–972)	0.482
Blood loss (ml)	2165 (166–9907)	2054 (587–6012)	0.987
Histological type
G1–2 / G3	51 / 3 (5.6%)	18 / 6 (25%)	0.013
TNM (UICC8th)
pT: T0–3 / T4	42 / 12 (22.2%)	12 / 12 (50.0%)	0.014
pN: N0 / N1–2	33 / 21 (38.9%)	7 / 17 (70.8%)	0.009
M: M0 / M1a	53 / 1 (1.9%)	19 / 5 (20.8%)	0.004
Residual tumor status
R0 / R1 / R2 (M1/ margin positive)	38 / 11 / 5 (1 / 4)	15 / 3 / 6 (5 / 1)	0.162
Postoperative hospital stay (days)	45.5 (13–61)	47.5 (17–325)	0.931
Postoperative complication ≥ grade IIIb	22 (40.7%)	10 (41.7%)	0.939
Postoperative chemotherapy	37 (68.5%)	19 (79.2%)	0.335

There were no significant differences in preoperative patient characteristics and surgical information. In High TB group, patients had higher rate of tumor with grade G3 (25% vs 5.6%, p = 0.013), T4 (50.0% vs 22.2%, p = 0.014), Lymph node metastasis (70.8% vs 38.9%, p = 0.009), and distant metastasis (20.8% vs 1.9%, p = 0.004)

HPD hepatopancreaticoduodenectomy, HA hepatic artery, PV portal vein

^aM1 include 3 patients with intrahepatic metastasis. ^bClavien-Dindo classification