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. 2020 Mar 9;11(2):448–461. doi: 10.14336/AD.2019.0527

Table 1.

Characteristics of Clinical Trials Relating to Treatments (Surgery, Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy) for Glioma.

First author/published year Patients’ characteristics (mean age, M/F) Intervention (number) Comparison (number) Results Follow-up Study design
Surgery
Gupta et al/2018 [3] 6.3 (3.3-17.5), 23/27 biopsy NA In 50 patients with DIPG going biopsy, 46 successfully captured tissue samples Followed until death Single-arm clinical trial
Kellermann et al/2017 [4] 74 (70-87), 129/101 stereotactic biopsy NA Two hundred and thirty nine of 230 elderly glioma patients received stereotactic biopsy, 222 achieved histopathologic diagnosis, and 171 received further adjuvant therapy 1 year Retrospective study
Tanaka et al/
2013 [5]
74.1 (66-87), 61/44 stereotactic biopsy (52) surgery (53) Complications of postoperative bleeding is higher in patients undergoing stereotactic biopsy than in lesion removal surgery 5 year Retrospective study
Ostrom et al/
2018[18]
NA (59-64), 56/44 NA NA Incidence of glioma and 1-year and 5-year survival rates vary significantly by race and ethnicity with non-Hispanic whites having higher incidence and lower survival rate. 14 year Retrospective study
Radiotherapy
Keime et al/2007[40] 73 (70-85), 51/30 radiotherapy plus supportive care (39) supportive care (42) Radiotherapy brings better outcome than supportive care in geriatric GBM patients 4 year RCT
Douw et al/
2009[41]
44.2, 35/30 NA NA Side effect of cognitive loss could only be found in low-grade young glioma patients with RT hindering our decision making 12 year Prospective clinical study
Malmstrom et al/2012[42] no less than 60, 118/80 hypofractionated RT (98) standard RT (100) OS in geriatric GBM patients receiving hypofractionated RT is comparable in those with standard radiotherapy 9 year RCT
Roa et al/2004 [43] elder than 60, 55/40 standard RT (48) short-course RT (47) OS in geriatric GBM patients receiving hypofractionated RT is comparable in those with common radiotherapy 5 year RCT
Roa et al/2015 [44] no less than 50, 46/52 short-course RT (50) standard RT (48) Hypofractionated radiotherapy regimens did not reveal different OS 3 year RCT
Bent et al/2005[45] 38.8, 191/115 early RT (after surgery) (154) deferred RT (152) Early radiotherapy after surgery lengthened PFS but not progression-free survival (PFS) 7.8 year RCT
Chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy
Malmstrom et al/2012 [42] no less than 60, 173/118 TMZ and hypofractionated RT (191) standard RT (100) Two weeks of massive fractionation RT or single TMZ could benefit geriatric GBM patients compared to six-week RT regimen 9 year RCT
Stupp et al/2009[56] 360/213 RT with concomitant adjuvant TMZ (287) RT (286) Six cycles of TMZ adjuvant chemoradiotherapy prolongs the survival of elderly patients with GBM 2 year RCT
Perry JR et al/2017[57] 73 (65- 90), 43/219 Short course RT (40Gy/15F) with concomitant adjuvant TMZ (281) Short course RT (281) The addition of temozolomide to short-course radiotherapy resulted in longer survival than short-course radiotherapy alone Almost all followed until death RCT

Abbreviations: DIPG, diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; GBM, glioblastoma; RT, radiotherapy; TMZ, temozolomide; RCT, randomized controlled trial; NA, not available