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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Mar 13.
Published in final edited form as: Handb Clin Neurol. 2018;159:3–26. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63916-5.00001-X

Fig. 1.2.

Fig. 1.2.

Model of the core components of the nervous system, and their connectivity, that contribute to the control of balance, vertical support, posture, and locomotion and their integration with voluntary motor commands. 5-HT, serotonin; ASCT, anterior spinocerebellar tract; CPGs, central pattern generators; CST, corticospinal tract; DCML, dorsal column medial lemniscal tract; INs, interneurons; LRST, lateral (medullary) reticulospinal tract; MLR, mesencephalic locomotor region; MNs, motoneurons, MRF, medullary reticular formation; MRST, medial (pontine) reticulospinal tract; NA, noradrenaline (norepinephrine); PMRF, pontomedullary reticular formation; PPNc, caudal region of pedunculopontine nucleus; PPNr, rostral region of pedunculopontine nucleus; PRF, pontine reticular formation; PSCT, posterior spinocerebellar tract; SRT, spinoreticular tract; Vc, ventrocaudal nucleus of the thalamus; VIM, ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus; Voa/Vop, ventralis oralis anterior and ventralis oralis posterior of the thalamus.