Figure 5. Suppressed novelty recognition in Emx1-Cre;Ptprs^fl/fl mice.

(A) Impaired novel-object recognition in Emx1-Cre;Ptprs^fl/fl mice (2–3 months). (n = 16 mice for WT and cKO, *p<0.05, ns, not significant, Student’s t-test). (B) Normal social approach, but suppressed social-novelty recognition, in Emx1-Cre;Ptprs^fl/fl mice (2–3 months) in the three-chamber test. S1, first/initial social stranger; O, object; S2, second/new social stranger. (n = 19 [WT] and 15 [cKO], **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ns, not significant, RM two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s test). (C) Normal social recognition and habituation, but suppressed social-novelty recognition, in Emx1-Cre;Ptprs^fl/fl mice (2–3 months) in a modified three-chamber test, in which the subject mouse was exposed to the initial stranger mouse for four consecutive days and introduced to a new stranger mouse on day 5. (D) Suppressed reward-arm recognition in the reversal, but not initial, phase of the Y-maze in Emx1-Cre;Ptprs^fl/fl mice (2–3 months). (n = 21 [WT] and 22 mice [cKO] for initial session, n = 17, 19 for reversal session, *p<0.05, ns, not significant, RM two-way ANOVA [initial/reversal] and Mann-Whitney test [test on day 2]). (E) Impaired learning and memory in the reversal, but not initial, phase of the Morris water maze in Emx1-Cre;Ptprs^fl/fl mice (3–4 months). (n = 19 [WT] and 18 [cKO], *p<0.05, ***p<0.001, ns, not significant, RM two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s test [latency to escape], Student’s t-test [platform visit number] and Mann-Whitney test [platform visit latency]).

Figure 5—figure supplement 1. Emx1-Cre;Ptprs^fl/fl mice show moderately changed locomotion and anxiety-like behavior, but normal motor coordination, repetitive behavior, and prepulse inhibition.

(A) Moderately decreased locomotor activity in Emx1-Cre;Ptprs^fl/fl mice (2 months) in Laboras cages, representing a familiar environment, as indicated by distance moved. (n = 10 mice [WT] and 15 mice [cKO], *p<0.05, **p<0.01, RM two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s test). (B) Normal motor coordination and learning in Emx1-Cre;Ptprs^fl/fl mice (2 months) in the rota-rod test. (n = 12 mice [WT] and 13 [cKO], ns, not significant, RM two-way ANOVA). (C) Moderately increased locomotor activity in Emx1-Cre;Ptprs^fl/fl mice (2 months) in the open-field test (a novel environment), as indicated by distance moved. Note that the time spent in the center region of the open-field arena is moderately increased, as supported by the genotype difference, although not by the total center time, suggesting modereatley increased anxiolytic-like behavior. (n = 23 [WT] and 23 [cKO], *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ns, not significant, RM two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s test [distance moved, center time], Student’s t-test [total distance moved, total time spent in center]). (D) Normal anxiety-like behaviors in Emx1-Cre;Ptprs^fl/fl mice (2 months) in the light-dark chamber test. (n = 17 [WT] and 19 [cKO], ns, not significant, Mann-Whitney test). (E) Anxiolytic-like behaviors in Emx1-Cre;Ptprs^fl/fl mice (2 months) in the elevated plus-maze, as supported by decreased close-arm time and increased open-arm time. (n = 16 [WT] and 16 [cKO], *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ns, not significant, Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney test [time in open arms]). (F) Normal self-grooming and rearing in Emx1-Cre;Ptprs^fl/fl mice (2 months) in home cages. (n = 15 [WT] and 14 [cKO], in rearing, 15, 16 mice for WT, cKO, ns, not significant, Student’s t-test). (G) Normal prepulse inhibition in Emx1-Cre;Ptprs^fl/fl mice (3 months). (n = 9 [WT] and 13 [cKO], ns, not significant, two-way ANOVA).