Table 2:

HIV-encoded miRNAs

vmiRNA	Target	Function	Ref
miR-N367	Nef	Block HIVNef expression in vitro (long term non-progressors) miR-N367 corresponding to suppression of Nef expression in vivo (Inhibition of Nef expression by siRNA/miR-N367 in mice)	(92)
miR-N367	PABPC4 (iPABP)	MiR-N367 might repress the activation of lymphokine mRNA expression through targeting PABPC4 to help maintain viral latency.	(93)
HIV-1-miR-H1	AATF	Induced AATF gene knockdown within human mononuclear cells initiates their apoptosis.	(96)
miR-H3	HIV 5′ LTR	Interacts with the TATA box in HIV 5′ LTR miR-H3 upregulates HIV RNA transcription and protein expression.	(94)
vmiR99		Stimulated human macrophage TNFα release	(109)
vmiR88		Stimulated human macrophage TNFα release	(109)
vmiR-TAR	IER3, ERCC1, Caspase 8, Ikaros, Aiolos	Protects infected cells from apoptosis	(91, 109)
vmiRNA#1–5	-	Proteins involved in, for example, signal transduction, protein synthesis, and degradation, DNA methylation	(87)
miR-TAR-3p	TAR (HIV)	Inhibitory effect on viral replication	(101)