Table 4:
MicroRNA as therapeutic targets in HIV
| microRNA | Expression | Target | Model | Method | Function (s) | Ref | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reversal of latency | Apoptosis inhibition | Prevention of HIV entry | Other | ||||||
| miR-132 | Up | MeCP2 | Human | miR-132 enhances HIV replication | (127) | ||||
| mir-146a | Up | CCL8/MCP-2 | In vitro | Real-time PCR | the maintenance of HIV-mediated chronic inflammation of the brain | (140) | |||
| miR-34a | Up | PNUTS/PPP1R10 | In vitro | Real-time PCR | enhances HIV replication | (153) | |||
| hsa-miR-21, 222 | Up | PTEN | In vitro | Microarray | * | (28) | |||
| miR-29a | Up | HIV 3 UTR region | In vitro | Represses HIV Replication | (29) | ||||
| miR-222, 221 | Up | CD4 mRNA | In vitro | RNA-seq | * | (156) | |||
| miR-217 | Up | SIRT1 | In vitro | miR-217 promotes Tat-induced HIV LTR transactivation | (115) | ||||
| let-7c | Up | p21 | In vitro | Real-time PCR | Enhance viral replication and spread | (161) | |||
| miR-34a | Up | TASK1 | In vitro | Real-time PCR | Enhance viral replication and spread | (161) | |||
| miR-34a | Up | SIRT1 3ʹ-UTR | In vitro | Real-time PCR | Promotes Tat-induced HIV transactivation | (117) | |||
| miR-217 | Up | In vitro | Real-time PCR | miR-217 influenced promotes Tat-induced HIV transactivation via decreases of SIRT1 expression | (143) | ||||
| miR-124a | Up | TASK1 | In vitro | Real-time PCR | Enhance viral replication and spread | (161) | |||
| miR-29 family | Up | 63 | Real-time PCR | Influence the clinical progression of HIV infection, the HIVproviral load and the innate immune response against HIV | (154) | ||||
| miR-34a | Up | Sirt1 | In vivo, In vitro | Real-time PCR | (193) | ||||
| let-7, miR-124a, 34a | Up | p21 protein | In vitro | Real-time PCR | Enhances viral production and Replication | (161) | |||
| miR-146a | Down | CXCR4 TRAF-6 | In vitro | * | (176) | ||||
| miR-34c-5p | Down | Human | miR RT-qPCR assays | Promotes HIV replication | (170) | ||||
| miR-21 | Down | IP-10 | Human, In vitro | Real-time PCR | miR-21 has the ability to inhibiting the expression of IP-10 via monocytes, that is a significant source of inflammation in HIV positive patients. | (171) | |||
| miR-20a | Down | p21 | In vitro | Real-time PCR | HIV can exploit host cellular machinery through miR-20a to regulate the selective gene in target cells. | (169) | |||
| miR-106b | Down | p21 | In vitro | Real-time PCR | HIV can exploit host cellular machinery through miR-106b to regulate the selective gene in target cells. | (169) | |||
| miR-27b | Down | 3ʹ-UTR of cyclin T1 | In vitro | Microarray | Regulation of HIV Replication in Resting CD4+T Lymphocytes | (174) | |||
| miR-196b, 1290 | 3ʹ untranslated region of HIV | In vitro | * | Contribute to HIV latency suppressing effects on HIV infectivity | (128) | ||||
| miR-1236 | VprBP | In vitro | Inhibits HIV Infection of Monocytes | (194) | |||||
| hsa-miR29a | Nef (HIV protein) | In vitro | Downregulates the expression of Nef protein and interferes with HIV replication | (157) | |||||
| miR-128 | TNPO3 mRNA | In vitro | * | Inhibition of viral replication | (30) | ||||
| miR-182 | NAMPT Mrna | In vitro | Real-time PCR | Increase in Tat-induced HIV LTR transactivation | (159) | ||||
| miR-155 | 3ʹ-UTR of TRIM32 | In vitro | Real-time PCR | * | (138) | ||||
| miR-198 | Cyclin T1 mRNA | In vitro | Real-time PCR | Restrict HIV replication in monocytes | (142) | ||||
| miR-155 | LEDGF ADAM10 TNPO3 Nup153 | In vitro | Real-time PCR | Inhibits PIC nuclear import | (144) | ||||