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. 2020 Mar 13;10:4681. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-61679-8

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Visceral metastasis in the MIND model. (A) Representative photograph of the viscera of female BALB/C mice injected with each number of 4T1 cells for 7 weeks (n = 5). The size of lung metastasis and liver metastasis increased with the number of cells. Black Arrow: tumor. (B) The number of mice with lung or liver metastasis and the length of spleen in each group were compared. Lung metastases were found in nearly all mice implanted with 10,000, 20,000, 40,000, and 100,000 4T1 cells into their mammary duct. Mice injected with 5,000 cells only developed lung metastasis. The number of mice with liver metastasis increased with the number of cells. Compared with normal mice without injected cells, mice implanted with 20,000, 40,000, and 100,000 4T1 cells showed splenomegaly. (C,D) Brain and renal metastases are found in 4T1 MIND mice implanted with 100,000 and 40,000 4T1 cells. (E) The second pair of ipsilateral breast metastases was found in 4T1 MIND model mice that had been implanted with 100,000 4T1 cells. ****p < 0.0001, ns. not significant.