Table 1.
Human amyloidoses with manifestation in the central nervous system (neurodegenerative disorders). While some proteins/peptides represent a characteristic hallmark for just one disease, some are also found in various diseases such as hyperphosphorylated Tau protein.
| Name of Peptide or Protein | Disease |
|---|---|
| α-synuclein | Parkinson’s disease (PD) Lewy body disease Multiple systemic atrophy |
| Amyloid-β | Alzheimer’s disease (AD) |
| Ataxin | Spirocerebellar ataxia |
| F-box protein 7 (FBXO7) | Parkinson’s disease (PD)/Alzheimer’s disease (AD) |
| Prion protein (PrPsc) | Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) |
| Tau (hyperphosphorylated) | Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Niemann Pick disease Progressive supranuclear palsy Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) |
| Transactive response DNA binding protein 43 (TDP43) | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin-positive inclusions (FTLD-U) |
| Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) |
| Huntingtin (with polyQ tract >33 residues) | Huntington’s disease |