| MDPI | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| DOAJ | Directory of open access journals |
| PEMFCs | proton exchange membrane fuel cells |
| DBFCs | direct boron hydride fuel cells |
| TM | transition metals |
| PXD | powder X-ray diffraction |
| DSC | differential scanning calorimetry |
| TPD | temperature-programmed desorption |
| TMF | transition metal fluorides |
| TGA | thermogravimetric analysis |
| RT | room temperature |
| RGA | residual gas analyzer |