Table 2.

HV transmitter performance summary and comparisons.

Parameter	This Work	[13] (2019)	[21] (2017)	[3] (2016)	[16] (2016)
Process technology	0.13 μm HV CMOS	0.18 μm CMOS	0.18 μm HV BCD8-SOI	0.18 μm HV CMOS	TSMC 0.18 μm HV CMOS
Transducer	PMUT	PMUT	CMUT	PMUT	CMUT
Pulsed output voltage (V)	32	5/13.2	100	24	30
Nominal operation frequency (MHz)	3	5	10	14	5
Nominal load capacitance (pF)	1.2	N/A	9.2	2	2
Area (mm2)	0.013	N/A	0.09 1	0.017 1	0.016
Rise time (ns)	2.9	N/A	14	10.56 2	6.6
FOMTX (mA/mm2)	1018	-	730	267	568

¹ These areas were estimated using a chip micrograph. ² Obtained as t_rise = 2.2RC_L, where R = Vmax/Imax.