Table 2.
Nutrient intake assessed by 24-h recall surveys 1,2.
| Baseline | Soda | Milk |
p-Value 3 (milk vs. soda) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carbohydrate, %E | 48.8 ± 2.1 | 47.2 ± 1.4 | 41.5 ± 1.4 | 0.0002 |
| Sugar, %E | 23 ± 2 | 22± 1 | 16 ± 1 | <0.0001 |
| Total fat, %E | 36.1 ± 1.4 | 37.4 ± 1.3 | 38.5 ± 1.0 | 0.35 |
| SFA, %E | 12.7 ± 0.5 | 13.0 ± 0.6 | 14.8 ± 0.5 | 0.004 |
| MUFA, %E | 13.1 ± 0.6 | 14.2 ± 0.6 | 13.7 ± 0.5 | 0.53 |
| PUFA, %E | 7.1 ± 0.5 | 7.9 ± 3.2 | 6.7 ± 0.4 | 0.02 |
| Protein, %E | 16.1 ± 0.7 | 16.0 ± 0.7 | 20.1 ± 0.8 | <0.0001 |
| Calcium, mg | 995 ± 115 | 716 ± 58 | 1389 ± 108 | <0.0001 |
| Cholesterol, mg | 281 ± 30 | 275 ± 35 | 328 ± 30 | 0.13 |
| Magnesium, mg | 252 ± 29 | 199 ± 15 | 261 ± 18 | 0.0002 |
| Potassium, mg | 2225 ± 214 | 1680 ± 161 | 2392 ± 153 | <0.0001 |
| Zinc, mg | 12.6 ± 1.1 | 10.6 ± 0.7 | 14.0 ± 1.0 | 0.002 |
| Caffeine, mg | 23.7 ± 5.6 | 21.4 ± 4.2 | 4.1 ± 1.6 | 0.0002 |
1n = 27. Three participants did not complete at least one survey per diet period and were excluded from analyses. 2 Values are means ± SE and represent the average of the completed dietary recalls per diet period (one to three recalls for each of the three diet periods). The average total number of completed surveys per participant was 8 ± 1 (out of maximum of 9). Abbreviations: %E, % energy; SFA, saturated fatty acid; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid. 3 Significance was determined by paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test for non-normally distributed variables.