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. 2020 Feb 6;12(2):425. doi: 10.3390/nu12020425

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Effect of whey peptides on mitochondrial function in adipocytes. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated in the presence of 2.5 mg/mL WPI, WPH, BPI, or BPH. (A) Pgc1α mRNA levels and (B) citrate synthase activity (n = 7–8). (C) Fatty acid-linked mitochondrial respiration and (D) uncoupled respiration was assessed in permeabilized adipocytes incubated with BSA protein isolate or whey peptides (n = 7). (A–D): **** p < 0.0001 vs. protein controls or as indicated. #### p < 0.0001 for peptide vs. protein-treated adipocytes. Pgc1α, PPARγ coactivator 1-α; Pc, palmitoylcarnitine; M, malate; D, ADP.