Table 1.
Objectives and designs of Studies 1-3.
| Study 1: Determine optimal parameters of vibration | Study 2: Compare vibration to other physical activity interventions known to elicit muscle injury | Study 3: Confirm that vibration is not injurious to muscle in more severely affected dystrophic mice | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mouse age at beginning of the study (wk) | 6 | 8 | 3 |
| Genotype | mdx | mdx | mdx, het, dko |
| Sex | males | males | males/females |
| Treatment groups (number of mice per group) | Non-vibrated control (n=8) | Non-vibrated control (n=10) | Non-vibrated mdx (n=8) |
| 30 Hz at 0.3 g (n=6) | vibration (n=11) | Vibrated mdx (n=9) | |
| 30 Hz at 0.6 g (n=6) | wheel running (n=8) | Non-vibrated het (n=8) | |
| 45 Hz at 0.3 g (n=8) | eccentric contractions (n=8) | Vibrated het (n=12) | |
| 45 Hz at 0.6 g (n=8) | Non-vibrated dko (n=7) | ||
| 90 Hz at 0.3 g (n=6) | Vibrated dko (n=7) | ||
| 90 Hz at 0.6 g (n=6) | |||
| Duration of vibration treatment (days) | 14 | 3 | 7 |
| Outcome measures: | |||
| Stress33,37: | Body mass | Cage activity | Body mass |
| In vivo muscle function: | N/A | Yes | Yes |
| Muscle inflammation and myogenesis: | N/A | Gastrocnemius muscle | Tibialis Anterior muscle |
| Muscle damage: | CK | CK | CK |
| Bone formation: | Circulating osteocalcin, RNA from Tibial Bone | N/A | N/A |
wk: week.
N/A: not applicable.
CK: Creatine kinase activity.