Table 1.
Anthropometric and biochemical characteristics of participants with and without sarcopenia.
| Variables | No Sarcopenia (N = 109) | Sarcopenia (N = 109) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 79.5 (7.3) | 83.7 (6.3) | <0.001 |
| Men (%) | 39.4 | 33.0 | 0.324 |
| HGS (kg) | 22.7 (11.7) | 12.4 (5.1) | <0.001 |
| SMI (kg/m2) | 8.5 (1.8) | 6.8 (1.9) | <0.001 |
| Gait speed (m/s) | 0.69 (0.33) | 0.58 (0.24) | 0.094 |
| ADL dependence (>1) | 43.7% | 75.9% | <0.001 |
| MNA-SF (<12 pt) | 35.4% | 59.4% | 0.002 |
| MNA-LF (<24 pt) | 50.0% | 77.4% | 0.002 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 104.3 (33.3) | 101 (46.1) | 0.555 |
| Total protein (g/dL) | 6.6 (0.5) | 6.5 (0.7) | 0.477 |
| Albumin (%) | 54.6 (7.9) | 51.8 (6.6) | 0.014 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 169.6 (41.6) | 155.4 (39.5) | 0.011 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 96.6 (35.1) | 85.5 (31.6) | 0.025 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 51.1 (13.1) | 49.2 (14.4) | 0.315 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 122.3 (79.7) | 116.3 (56.2) | 0.530 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.1 (0.5) | 0.961 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 4.6 (1.4) | 5.6 (7.2) | 0.218 |
| Sodium (mM/L) | 140.9 (2.6) | 140.6 (2.5) | 0.459 |
| Potassium (mM/L) | 4.4 (0.5) | 4.5 (0.6) | 0.728 |
| Clorure (mM/L) | 104.6 (4.5) | 104 (3.7) | 0.400 |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | 9.2 (0.6) | 9.1 (0.6) | 0.026 |
| Phosphorus (mg/dL) | 3.7 (0.6) | 3.7 (1) | 0.926 |
| Magnesium (mg/dL) | 1.9 (0.3) | 1.9 (0.3) | 0.243 |
| Iron (μg/dL) | 57.7 (29) | 53.7 (28.3) | 0.402 |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) * | 137.4 (177) | 204.8 (279.6) | 0.036 |
| C-Reactive Protein (mg/L) * | 8.9 (12.6) | 17.3 (21.9) | 0.040 |
Notes: Continuous variables are expressed as mean and standard deviations (SD), while categorical variables are expressed as percentage (%). p value from t-test for contiguous variables and from chi-squared test of association for categorical variables. * Log-transformed values. Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; HGS: hand grip strength; SMI: skeletal muscle index; ADL: activities of daily living; MNA-SF: Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form; MNA-LF: MNA Long Form.