Table 4.

Higher-order cognitive functions and associated lower-order cognitive functions used in this review.

Higher-Order Cognitive Function	Lower-Order Cognitive Function
Information Processing Speed	Simple Reaction Time (RT)
	Choice/Complex RT
Psychomotor	Fine motor control
	Hand-eye coordination
	Gross motor control
	(Marksmanship involves first two)
Attention/Vigilance	Selective Attention
	Sustained Attention (vigilance)
	Divided Attention
	Target Detection
Memory	Procedural
	Episodic
	Semantic
	Prospective
	Short-Term Memory
	Visual Discrimination
Executive Function	Running Memory
	Working Memory Map Reading (orienteering) Inhibitory Control:
	Self-Control (emotions)
	Resistance to Interference
	Response Inhibition
	Logical reasoning
	Planning
	Cognitive Flexibility: Verbal Reasoning
	Numerical Reasoning (math ability)
	Spatial Reasoning
	Problem Solving
	Task Switching
	Cognitive Shifting