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. 2020 Mar 14;18:45. doi: 10.1186/s12964-020-00548-3

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 5 — Rescue of retinal defects with the addition of ROS scavenger and ER stress scavenger. ROS scavengers GSH & NAC and ER scavenger PBA recovered the copper induced small eye defects (A) and the expression of retinal markers opn1sw2 (B1-B5) & opn1lw1 (C1-C5 and D1-D5) in copper-stressed embryos. E ROS scavengers GSH significantly neutralized copper induced cell apoptosis in embryos. Average number of apoptotic cells of retinal sections in each group (E10) (n > 3, 3–5 sections from each embryo were used for counting the red positive apoptotic cells). B1-B5, C1-C5, and D1-D5, dorsal view, anterior to the up; E1- E9, sagittal slides in eyes domain. Scale bar, A, B1-B5, C1-C5, and D1-D5, 100 μm; E1-E9, 50 μm. **, P < 0.01; *, P < 0.05