Figure 1.

LC localization method. (a) Along the line (indicated with a white line) connecting the posterior border of the cerebral cortex on both sides, vertically cut brain with a razor blade (b) can create a coronal section (c) and separate the cerebellum part (c) from the brain part, and the midbrain aqueduct (arrows in c and e) is visible on the cutting-surface (c and e). Sectioning the cerebellum part from this cutting plane, the midbrain aqueduct (e) will disappear quickly and the fourth ventricle (4 V, arrow in f) will appear. At this point, the LC-containing brain slices can be collected when the 4 V (arrow in f) appears, and the noradrenergic neuron most enriched slices can be collected at ~200 μm from the appearance of the 4V, where the 4V form a slit (g, arrow indicates the 4 V).