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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Pathol. 2019 Nov 28;250(2):231–242. doi: 10.1002/path.5363

Figure 7. Pbsn-cre4Prb/+;PI3KGOF/+ mouse prostatic stroma has increased levels of phospho-SMAD2, a biomarker of transforming growth factor β activity.

Figure 7.

(A) Dorsal prostate sections from 4, 7 and 12 month old Pbsn-cre4Prb+/+;PI3KGOF/+ (control) and Pbsn-cre4Prb/+;PI3KGOF/+ male mice were stained with an antibody recognizing the phosphorylated form of SMAD2 (p-SMAD2) and DAPI to mark nuclei. Slides were imaged using fluorescent microscopy. (B) The frequency of p-SMAD2+ stromal cells begins to differ between groups starting at 7 months and continuing until at least 12 months of age. (C) Pbsn-cre4Prb/+;PI3KGOF/+ male mice were stained using RNAscope to visualize TGFβ mRNA. Representative image of greater TGFβ mRNA abundance in the epithelium of Pbsn-cre4Prb/+;PI3KGOF/+ mice. Results are mean ± SE of n = 2–4 mice. Significant differences among groups: * = p ≤ 0.05; ** = p ≤ 0.01. Scale bars = 50 μm.