Table 3.
Patient characteristics* | Predicting a rating of inappropriate** |
Predicting a rating of appropriate** |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mobilization | Manipulation | Mobilization | Manipulation | |||||
Presence of red flags | 100.0% | ↑ | 100.0% | ↑ | 65.3% | ↓ | 35.0% | ↓ |
Prior unfavorable experience with spinal manual therapy | 86.3% | ↑ | 86.3% | ↑ | 51.6% | ↓ | 61.0% | ↓ |
Major neurologic findings | 18.7% | ↑ | 86.3% | ↑ | 41.5% | ↓ | 27.1% | ↓ |
Previous non-manual conservative care failed | 13.0% | ↓ | 24.5% | ↓ | --- | --- | ||
Additional (e.g., advanced imaging) testing show cervical disc herniation, stenosis, or foraminal osteophytosis | 6.5% | ↑ | 2.9%*** | ↓ | 100.0% | ↓ | 100.0% | ↓ |
Clinically substantial traumatic etiology | --- | 21.9% | ↑ | 30.7% | ↓ | 23.5% | ↓ | |
No signs of painful/limited active range of motion | --- | 4.7% | ↑ | --- | --- | |||
Radiographs showing advanced spinal degeneration | --- | --- | 26.0% | ↓ | 65.3% | ↓ | ||
No cervical nerve root radiculopathy | --- | --- | 7.6% | ↓ | --- | |||
Joint dysfunction in upper cervical spine | --- | --- | --- | 14.8% | ↓ | |||
No local pathology | --- | --- | --- | 11.9% | ↑ | |||
Continued psychosocial stress | --- | --- | --- | --- |
The patient characteristics are all fully defined in the Appendix.
Predictions of a rating of inappropriate were versus ratings of equivocal or appropriate. Predictions of appropriate were versus ratings of equivocal or inappropriate.
Tests negative for serious pathology included here with other test results.
= This patient characteristic predicts this rating.
= This patient characteristic predicts against this rating.