Table 2.

Biosensors for detection of the plant pathogen.

Source: Khater et al. (2017)

Type of biosensor	Detection methods	Detecting plant pathogen
Antibody-based	Electrochemical/Enzyme label	Cucumber mosaic virus
	Electrochemical/AuNPs tag	Pantoea stewartii sbusp. stewartii
	Electrochemical/label-free	Maize chlorotic mottle virus, Plum pox virus, Prunus necrotic ringspot virus
	Optical/AuNPs tag	Pantoea stewartii subsp. Stewartii, Potato virus x,
	Optical/fluorescent tag	Acidovorax avenae subsp., Citrulli, Chilli vein-banding mottle virus. Melon yellow spot virus, Pantoea stewartii sbusp., Stewartii, Watermelon silver mottle virus
	Optical/label free	Cymbidium mosaic virus, Odontoglossum ringspot virus
DNA-based	Electrochemical/label-free	Plum pox virus, sugarcane white leaf disease, Trichoderma harzianum
	Optical/AuNPs tags	Acidovorax avenae subsp. Citrulli, Banana bunchy top virus, Pseudomonas syringae
	Optical/magnetic tag	Botrytis cinereal
	Optical/fluorescent tag	Banana streak virus
	Optical/luminescent tag	Banana bunchy top virus