Table 3.
The relative concentrations of marker metabolites, acquired by MS spectroscopy of DSS 0%, DSS 2%, DSS 3.5%, and DSS 5% livers.
| DSS 0% | DSS 2% | DSS 3.5% | DSS 5% | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | (p-value) | Mean ± SE | (p –value) | Mean ± SE | (p –value) | |
| 5’-Methylthioadenosine | 5.973 ± 0.460 | 5.968 ± 0.519 | (0.4974) | 6.255 ± 0.472 | (0.3410) | 6.854 ± 0.242 | (0.0538) |
| Adenosine monophosphate | 5.340 ± 0.374 | 5.571 ± 0.318 | (0.3249) | 5.801 ± 0.482 | (0.2418) | 5.265 ± 0.522 | (0.4571) |
| N,N-Dimethylglycine | 2.866 ± 0.399 | 4.049 ± 0.412 | (0.0365) * | 3.332 ± 0.393 | (0.2149) | 3.870 ± 0.421 | (0.0610) |
| Glycerol 3-phosphate | 3.768 ± 0.278 | 3.248 ± 0.299 | (0.1195) | 2.486 ± 0.331 | (0.0090) ** | 1.726 ± 0.204 | (0.0001) *** |
| Guanosine | 3.553 ± 0.513 | 3.673 ± 0.237 | (0.4183) | 2.853 ± 0.414 | (0.1551) | 4.398 ± 0.276 | (0.0809) |
| Guanosine monophosphate | 2.957 ± 0.231 | 3.740 ± 0.397 | (0.0634) | 3.714 ± 0.393 | (0.0754) | 4.258 ± 0.500 | (0.0276)* |
| Hydrocinnamic acid | 5.097 ± 0.582 | 5.289 ± 0.451 | (0.3999) | 4.601 ± 0.390 | (0.2422) | 5.007 ± 0.374 | (0.4480) |
| Acetylcarnitine | 1.652 ± 0.155 | 1.723 ± 0.192 | (0.3905) | 2.845 ± 0.307 | (0.0050) ** | 3.129 ± 0.500 | (0.0146) * |
| Malic acid | 5.843± 0.250 | 6.029 ± 0.216 | (0.2942) | 5.513 ± 0.615 | (0.3279) | 5.356 ± 0.445 | (0.1961) |
| Methionine | 4.001 ± 0.281 | 4.535 ± 0.320 | (0.1227) | 4.120 ± 0.500 | (0.4243) | 5.282 ± 0.370 | (0.0130)* |
| Maltotriose | 4.091 ± 0.379 | 2.936 ± 0.093 | (0.0091) ** | 3.828 ± 0.525 | (0.3526) | 3.666 ± 0.446 | (0.2479) |
| Niacinamide | 6.631 ± 0.628 | 7.072 ± 0.350 | (0.2788) | 6.837 ± 0.307 | (0.3811) | 7.468 ± 0.434 | (0.1445) |
| Tyramine | 2.660 ± 0.578 | 2.699 ± 0.623 | (0.4825) | 2.173 ± 0.313 | (0.2283) | 1.886 ± 0.186 | (0.1004) |
| Uracil | 3.633 ± 0.368 | 4.199 ± 0.201 | (0.1070) | 4.656 ± 0.360 | (0.0400) * | 5.697 ± 0.171 | (0.0002) *** |
| Uridine 5’-diphosphate | 3.030 ± 0.114 | 3.616 ± 0.176 | (0.0118) * | 3.751 ± 0.589 | (0.1513) | 4.340 ± 0.407 | (0.0097)** |
| Uridine 5’-monophosphate | 3.482 ± 0.173 | 4.130 ± 0.244 | (0.0312) * | 4.457 ± 0.445 | (0.0458) * | 4.750 ± 0.532 | (0.0335) * |
| Xanthosine | 3.480 ± 0.307 | 3.123 ± 0.198 | (0.1784) | 2.118 ± 0.460 | (0.0216) * | 2.010 ± 0.329 | (0.0053) ** |
| Hypoxanthine | 4.463 ± 0.173 | 3.299 ± 0.179 | (0.0008) *** | 2.621 ± 0.237 | (0.0001) *** | 2.164 ± 0.257 | (0.0000) *** |
| Xanthine | 4.616 ± 0.226 | 3.635 ± 0.177 | (0.0045) ** | 2.883 ± 0.242 | (0.0003) *** | 2.335 ± 0.241 | (0.0000) *** |
Metabolites that had significantly different concentrations between the different DSS-treated groups are shown in bold and accompanied by an asterisk. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001, compared to the control (DSS 0%).