Table 1.
Effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on homocysteine levels in humans, pooled from meta-analyses of intervention trials.
| References | Participants | Trials | Patients | Daily Doses | Duration | Results | 95% CI | I2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Huang et al. 2011 | T: 352; C: 355 | 11 | CHD; ESRD; HL; HT; MI; MS; PVD; T2D | 0.2–6 g | 6 Wk–12 Mo | MD: −1.59 µmol/L; p < 0.0001 | −2.34, −0,83 | 52%; p = 0.02 |
| Dawson et al. 2016 | T: 1134; C: 1121 T: 787; C: 786 |
13 8 |
CVD; ESRD; HL; HT; MI; T2D CHD; CVD; HT; MS; PVD |
0.5–6 g 0.2–2 g |
2 Wk–12 Mo 3–12 Mo |
MD: −1.09 µmol/L; p = 0.026 (B) MD: −1.37 µmol/L; p = 0.008 (C) |
−2.04, −0.13 −2.38, −0.36 |
57.08%; p = 0.006 43.77%; p = 0,087 |
| Xu et al. 2016 | T: 182; C: 181 | 3 | ESRD | 1.7–6 g | 2–6 Mo | SMD: −0.46 µmol/L; p = 0.001 (Fixed) SMD: −1.63 µmol/L; p = 0.219 (Random) |
−0.72, −0.20 −4.24, 0.97 |
98.3%; p < 0.001 |
C: Control; CHD: Coronary heart disease; CI: Confidence interval; CVD: Cardiovascular disease; HL: Hyperlipidaemia; HT: Healthy; ESRD: End-stage renal disease; I2: Heterogeneity test; MD: Mean difference; MI: Myocardial infraction; Mo: Months; MS: Metabolic syndrome; PVD: Perihelial vascular disease; SMD: Standard mean difference; T: Treatment group; T2D: Type 2 diabetes; Wk: Weeks.