| 8-HD | 8-hydroxydaidzein |
| NF-κB | nuclear factor-κB |
| AP-1 | activator protein-1 |
| IRF-3 | interferon regulatory factor -3 |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| AKT | protein kinase B |
| TRAF3 | TNF receptor associated factor 3 |
| IFN-β | Interferon-β |
| CXCL10 | (C-X-C motif) chemokine 10 |
| PAMPs | pathogen-associated molecular patterns |
| PRRs | pattern recognition receptors |
| TLRs | Toll-like receptors |
| RLRs | RIG-I-like receptors |
| cGAS | cyclic GMP-AMP synthase |
| STING | stimulators of interferon genes |
| CCL5 | (C-C motif) ligand 5 |
| Nrf2 | Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 |
| TAK1 | Transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 |
| MTT | 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide |
| IKKε | inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon |
| TBK1 | TANK binding kinase 1 |
| ATP | Adenosine 5′-triphosphate |
| TRIF | TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β |
| TRAM | TRIF–related adaptor molecule |
| MyD88 | Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 |
| PI3K | Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase |