Table 2.

Summary of research on the effects of castration (GDX) and sex steroid manipulations on cell survival and proliferation in the dentate gyrus of male rodents relative to relevant control groups.

Species	Histological Method	Manipulation 1	Proliferation 2	Survival (Days) 3	Ref
rat	Ki67 BrdU	GDX + E2 GDX + E2	0	0 (16)	[43]
rat	BrdU BrdU BrdU BrdU	GDX GDX + T GDX + DHT GDX + E2	0	↓ (30) ↑ (30) ↑ (30) 0 (30)	[88]
rat	Ki67 BrdU	GDX GDX	↓	↓ (24)	[89]
mouse	Ki67 DCX	GDX GDX	0	↓	[91]
rat	Ki67 DCX BrdU	GDX GDX GDX	0	0 0 (14)	[92]
rat	Ki67 BrdU	GDX + T GDX + T	0	0 (24)	[93]
rat	BrdU	GDX + T	0	0 (21)	[94]
rat	BrdU	GDX + T	0		[95]
mouse	Ki67 BrdU	T T	0	↑ (35)	[96]
vole	BrdU	GDX + T GDX + DHT GDX + E2	0 0 0		[97]
rat	Ki67	GDX + AAS	0		[98]
rat	BrdU DCX	GDX GDX	↓	↓	[99]
rat	BrdU BrdU BrdU BrdU	GDX + T GDX + TFM + T GDX + DHT GDX + DHT + Flu	0 0	↑ (30) ↓ (30) ↑ (30) ↓ (30)	[100]
rat	BrdU	GDX GDX + T		↓ (16) 0 (16)	[101]
rat	BrdU	AAS		↓ (5)	[102]
rat	BrdU	T	0	0 (26)	[103]
mouse	BrdU BrdU	T E2		0 (28) 0 (28)	[104]
rat	Ki67 BrdU	GDX + DHT GDX + DHT	0	↑ (30)	[105]
mouse	Ki67 BrdU	GDX + DHT GDX + DHT	0	↑ (37)	[106]
mouse	BrdU DCX	Fin Fin	↓	↓	[107]
vole	BrdU	GDX + E2		↑ (16)	[108]
mouse	BrdU DCX	E2 E2	↑	0 (21) ↑	[109]

¹ Experimental manipulations of animals: gonadectomy (GDX); testosterone administration with or without gonadectomy (+ T); estradiol administration (+ E2); DHT administration (+ DHT); flutamide administration (+ Flu); anabolic androgenic steroids (+ AAS); testicular feminization mutation (TFM); finasteride administration (Fin). ² The experimental manipulation may have increased (↑), decreased (↓), or had no effect (0) on cell proliferation and/or cell survival. ³ Days refers to how old cells were at the time of assessment of cell survival, if known based on timing of BrdU injections.