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. 2020 Feb 12;12(2):421. doi: 10.3390/cancers12020421

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Oligo-Fucoidan and/or cisplatin-treated cancer cells influence macrophage plasticity. HCT116 cancer cells (p53−/− and p53+/+) were pretreated with Oligo-Fucoidan (400 μg/mL) and/or cisplatin (15 μM) for 48 h and then cocultured with THP-1 monocytes for 48 h in a Boyden chamber transwell. The surface marker of M0 (F4/80) (A) M1 (CD86) (B) and M2 (CD206) (C) macrophages were evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. Intracellular marker of M1 (iNOS and CD80) and M2 (CD163 and Arginase-1) macrophages were also examined (D) Protein level was normalized to the β-actin and compared with the level in cells receiving MOCK treatment. The M2 macrophages were derived from monocytes after stimulation with PMA (100 μM) for 24 h and then IL-4 (20 ng/mL) for another 24 h. The M2 macrophage invasiveness was analyzed upon Oligo-Fucoidan and/or cisplatin treatment for 24 h and then detected by crystal violet staining. (E) The M2 macrophages repolarized to M0 (F4/80) (F) and M1 (CD80) (G) phenotypes or maintained the M2 (CD163) polarity (H) were inspected in the indicated treatment. The results are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 3). Student’s t test determined the statistical significance of pairwise comparisons (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; and *** p < 0.001).