Table 1.
Overview of neuroblastoma immune monitoring studies at diagnosis.
| Flow Cytometry | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Unique Patient Samples Measured Including Material | Tumor Characteristics | Markers | Reference | |
| 8 | Primary Tumor | I (4x) + II (1x) + III (2x) + IV (1x) | CD3, CD4, CD8, CD25, CD45RA, CCR7 | Carlson et al. 2013 [43] |
| PB | ||||
| 26 | Primary Tumor | II (2x) + III (2x) + IV (21x) + IVs (1x) 15 MYCN amp, 11 non MYCN amp |
GD2 | Mussai et al. 2015 [24] |
| PB | CD15, CD14, CD11b | |||
| 20 | BM | IV (20x) | CD45, CD33, CD14, GD2, CD56 | Song et al. 2009 [26] |
| 41 | PB | 13 MYCN amp, 28 non MYCN amp | CD4, CD25, CD127, CD45RO, CD49b, LAG-3 | Morandi et al. 2015 [29] |
| 5 | PB | High-Risk Patients | HLA-DR, CD33, CD11b | Gowda et al. 2013 [44] |
| 21 | PB | 7 MYCN amp, 20 non MYCN amp (14 localized, 13 metastatic) | CD4, CD25, CD127, CD45RO, CD49b, LAG-3 | Morandi et al. 2016 [41] |
| 27 | BM | |||
| 59 | PB | 23 localized, 36 metastatic tumors | CD8, NKp46, CD4, CD16, CD56, NKp30, DNAM-1, CD127, CD25, CD14, CD45, CD15, GD2, CD235a, CD9, CD81, TCRgd, NKp44, NKp80, CD3e, CD158a/h, CD158b, CD158e/k, CD158i, FoxP3 | Semeraro et al. 2015 [39] |
| BM | ||||
| Immunohistochemistry | ||||
| 24 | Primary Tumor | 7 MYCN amp, 26 non MYCN amp | CD68 | Apps et al. 2013 [45] |
| 21 | CD3 | |||
| 19 | pSTAT3 | |||
| 8 | Primary Tumor | I (4x) + II (1x) + III (2x) + IV(1x) | Ki67, CD3 | Carlson et al. 2013 [43] |
| 15 | Primary Tumor | 3 low risk, 6 intermediate risk, 6 high risk | CD4, CD45 | Zhang et al. 2017 [25] |
| 129 | Primary Tumor | IV (129x) | CD1d, Vα24-Jα18inv, TCRα6β11 | Song et al. 2017 [26] |
| 71 | Primary Tumor | stage I–III (n = 29), stage IV (n = 31), stage IVS (n = 11) | CD163, AIF1 | Asgharzadeh et al. 2012 [27] |
| 84 | Primary Tumor | I (34x) + II (19x) + III (5x) + IV (20x) + IVS (6x) | CD3, CD4, CD8, CD25, FOXP3, Ki67, β2m-free MHC1 heavy chain | Mina et al. 2015 [8] |
| Elisa | ||||
| 57 | Plasma | IV (49x) + non IV (8x) | IL-10, ARG-1 (57) | Morandi et al. 2015 [29] |
| 53 | PB | PB: I (8x) + II (8x) + III (6x) + IV (28x) + IVS (3x) | IL-6 | Egler et al. 2008 [46] |
| 18 | BM | BM: I (1x) + II (3x) + III (2x) + IV (11x) + IVS (1x) | ||
| 35 | PB | PB: I (5x) + II (5x) + III (3x) + IV (20x) + IVS (2x) | sIL-6R | |
| 16 | BM | BM: I (1x) + II (2x) + III (2x) + IV (10x) + IVS (1x) | ||
| 84 | Primary Tumor | I (7x) + II (8x) + III (22x) + IV (42x) + 4S (5x) 27 MYCN amp, 57 non MYCN amp |
sHLA-F, sB7H3, sHLA-E | Morandi et al. 2013 [33] |
| Luminex | ||||
| 55 | Plasma | 20 low-risk, 35 high-risk In addition, 28 HR blood samples from 7 patients at various timepoints during treatment | GM-CSF, G-CSF, IFNγ, IL-1a, IL-1ra, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-12p40, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, MCP-1, MCP-3, MDC, TNFα, TNFβ, TGFα, Eotaxin, IFNα2, IP-10, MIP-1a, MIP-1b, EGF, FGF-2, FLT3L, Fractalkine, GRO, VEGF, sCD40L, sIL-2Ra | Egler et al. 2011 [32] |
| PB | ||||