Table 1.
Chemokine receptors with their ligand pairings in humans and mice and various kinds of immune cells expressing chemokine receptors [8,13,14,15].
| No. | Chemokine Receptors | Ligands a | Immune Cells Expressing Chemokine Receptors |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | CCR1 | CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL6, CCL7, CCL8, CCL9, CCL13, CCL14, CCL15, CCL16, CCL23 | Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, TRM cells, DCs, neutrophils, macrophages, monocytes, basophils |
| 2 | CCR2 | CCL2, CCL7, CCL8, CCL12, CCL13, CCL16 | Th1, Th17, Treg, NK cells, iDCs, neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, MDSCs, basophils, platelets |
| 3 | CCR3 | CCL4, CCL5, CCL6, CCL7, CCL8, CCL9, CCL11, CCL13, CCL15, CCL16, CCL23, CCL24, CCL26, CCL28 | Th1, Th2, Th9, Treg cells, neutrophils, macrophages, MDSCs, basophils, platelets, eosinophils, mast cells |
| 4 | CCR4 | CCL3, CCL5, CCL17, CCL22 | CD8+ T, Th2, Th17, Th22, Treg, skin- and lung-homing T, B cells, iDCs, monocytes, basophils, platelets |
| 5 | CCR5 | CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL8, CCL11, CCL13, CCL14, CCL16 | CD8+ T, Th1, Th9, Th17, Treg, TEM, TRM, NK cells, DCs, neutrophils, macrophages, monocytes |
| 6 | CCR6 | CCL20 | Th9, Th17, Th22, Treg, TFH, γδT, NK, NKT, B cells, iDCs, iLC |
| 7 | CCR7 | CCL19, CCL21 | Activated T, Th22, Treg, TCM, TN, TRCM, B cells, mDC |
| 8 | CCR8 | CCL1, CCL4, CCL8, CCL16, CCL17, CCL18 | Th2, Treg, skin TRM, γδT cells, macrophages, monocytes |
| 9 | CCR9 | CCL25 | Th17, Th22, gut-homing T, B cells, DCs, pDCs, IgA+ plasma cells, thymocytes |
| 10 | CCR10 | CCL27, CCL28 | Th17, Th22, skin homing T cell, Treg cells, macrophages, IgA+ plasma cells |
| 11 | CXCR1 | CXCL1, CXCL6, CXCL7, CXCL8 | CD8+ TEFF, NK, neutrophils, macrophages, MDSCs, monocytes, basophils, mast cells |
| 12 | CXCR2 | CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL5, CXCL6, CXCL7, CXCL8 | CD8+ T, NK cells, neutrophils, macrophages, MDSCs, monocytes, basophils, mast cells, platelets |
| 13 | CXCR3 | CXCL4, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL13 | CD8+ TCM, activated CD4+ T, Th1, Th9, Th11, Treg, TFH, TEM, NK, NKT, B cells, pDCs, platelets |
| 14 | CXCR4 | CXCL12 | Most T cells, Treg, B cells, iDCs, neutrophils, macrophages, MDSCs, monocytes, platelets, plasma cells, endothelial cells, precursors of endothelial cells |
| 15 | CXCR5 | CXCL13 | CD8+ TEM, Th17, TCM, TFH, TFR, B cells |
| 16 | CXCR6 | CXCL16 | Th1, Th17, Th22, γδT, NKT, NK, iLC, plasma cells |
| 17 | ? | CXCL14 | DCs |
| 18 | ? | CXCL15 | |
| 19 | ? | CXCL17 | |
| 20 | CX3CR1 | CX3CL1 | T, NK cells, DCs, macrophages, monocytes, microglia |
| 21 | XCR1 | XCL1, XCL2 | DC, cross-presenting CD8+ DCs |
DC, dendritic cell; iDC, immature DC; iLC, innate lymphoid cell; NK cell, natural killer cell; NKT cell, natural killer T cell; MDSC, myeloid-derived suppressor cell; mDC, mature dendritic cell; pDC, plasmacytoid DC; Th, T helper cell; TCM, central memory T cell; TEFF, effector T cell; TEM, effector memory T cell, TFH, follicular helper T cell; TFR, follicular regulatory T cell; TN, naïve T cell; TRCM, recirculating memory T cell; Treg, regulatory T cell; and TRM, tissue-resident memory T cell. a, chemokine ligands with black, red, and blue colours represent chemokine–chemokine receptor interactions that occur in both mice and humans, only humans, and only mice, respectively. Question marks indicate that the respective chemokine receptors are currently unidentified.