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. 2012 Dec 12;2012(12):CD001760. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001760.pub2

Zukerman 2005.

Methods Design: randomised controlled trial 
 Allocation method: not stated 
 Blinding: not stated
Participants Diagnosis: vaginismus (primary or secondary not reported) 
 Criteria: not stated 
 Setting: outpatient 
 Number: 65 
 Age: control group 25.3 years, SD = 3.8, experimental group 25.2 years, SD = 3.5 
 Duration of vaginismus: control group range 6 to 144 months, experimental group range 6 to 108 months
Interventions Intervention 1: systematic desensitisation 
 Number of sessions: until symptoms abated 
 Duration of sessions: not stated 
 Therapist level: not stated 
 Adjunctive interventions: not stated
Intervention 2: systematic desensitisation + pelvic floor exercises + relaxation 
 Number of sessions: until symptoms abated 
 Duration of sessions: not stated 
 Therapist level: not stated 
 Adjunctive interventions: not stated
Outcomes Drop‐outs
Notes  
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) High risk Alternation
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Unclear risk Not reported
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) 
 All outcomes Unclear risk Not reported
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) 
 All outcomes Unclear risk 5 women dropped out of the study after the first or second meeting, 2 from the intervention arm and 3 from the control. Analysis was per protocol (no ITT analysis undertaken).
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Unclear risk Outcome data provided for all stated outcomes but we have no access to study protocols so cannot be certain other outcomes were not assessed
Other bias High risk Participants kept in treatment until symptoms abated

DSM‐III‐R: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders III ‐ revision 
 DSM‐IV: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV 
 ITT: intention‐to‐treat 
 LOCF: last observation carried forward 
 NA: not applicable 
 SD: standard deviation