Table 2.
Immunomodulatory properties of MSC secretome/EVs.
| Cell Types | Actions | Mechanisms | Effector | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T lymphocytes | Decrease of TH1 secretion of IFN-γ [91] Increase of TH2 secretion of IL-4 [91] Increase of the proportion of T-regs [91] Suppression of T-naïve differentiation [94] Decrease in proliferation and migration [94] Decrease of CD4+CD8+ [94] |
Constitutive production of COX2 and PGE2 [91,92,93] Secretion of TGF-β [91] Secretion of soluble HLA-G5 [93] |
Secretome [91,92,93] EVs [94] |
S. Aggarwal et al. [91] Z Selmani et al. [93] S. Fujii et al. [94] |
| DC | Reversion of maturation of DCs [92] Decrease DC1 production of TNF-α [91] Increase DC2 production of IL-10 [91] |
Secretion of IL-6 [91] | Secretome [91,92] | S. Aggarwal et al. [91] F. Djouad et al. [92] |
| NK | Inhibition [91] Alteration of secreted cytokines [91] |
Secretion of indoleamine 2,3-deoxygenase [91] Secretion of PGE2 [91] Secretion of TGF-β [91] |
Secretome [91] | S. Aggarwal et al. [91] |