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. 2020 Feb 1;12(2):329. doi: 10.3390/cancers12020329

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Nicotine induced interleukin 8 (IL-8) secretion from the tumor associated stroma. (A) qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AchR) subunits were expressed by patient-derived tumor associated stroma (TAS) cells. Treatment of TAS cells with nicotine (50 µM) upregulated (AchR) subunit expression compared to control. (B) A 41 protein multiplex assay detected significantly elevated levels of IL-8 secretion from TAS cells treated with 50 µM of nicotine compared to control from three patient-derived TAS cell lines. (C) ELISA confirmed that nicotine-treated TAS cells had significantly elevated secretion of IL-8 in five different patient-derived TAS cells. (D) IL-8 secretion by TAS cells increased with increased treatment dose. (E) IL-8 secretion by TAS cells increased with increased duration of treatment. (F) Nicotine-treated primary pancreatic cancer cell lines (PPCL) did not have elevated IL-8 levels. Nicotine-treated TAS cells had significantly elevated IL-8 levels. PPCL and TAS in co-culture had significantly elevated IL-8 secretion.