Ac4ManNAz	Per-O-acetylated N-azido-acetylmannosamine;
AGF	Angiogenic growth factor;
CMAS	Cytosine 5′-monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid synthetase;
CAR-T cell	Chimeric antigen receptor T-Cell;
CMAH	Cytidine monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase;
CMP-Neu5Ac	Cytidine-5′-monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid;
EGF	Epidermal growth factor;
EGFR	Epidermal growth factor receptor;
EMT	Epithelial-mesenchymal transition;
ERK	Extracellular signal–regulated kinases;
FAK	Focal adhesion kinase;
Fc	The fragment crystallizable region of antibody;
GalNAc	N-acetylgalactosamine;
GNE	Hydrolyzing UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc-6-kinase;
HER	Human epidermal growth factor receptor;
HPLC	High performance liquid chromatography;
IgA/G/M	Immunoglobulin A/G/M;
ITIM	Immunoreceptor tyrosine based inhibitory motif;
LC-MS	Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry;
LSA	Glycolipid-bound sialic acids;
MAL	Maackia amurensis lectin;
MALDI-TOF MS	Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry;
ManNAc	N-acetyl-D-mannosamine;
MAP	Mitogen-activated protein;
MS	Mass spectrometry;
NAL	N-acetylneuraminate lyase;
NANP	Neu5Ac-9-phosphate phosphatase;
NANS	Neu5Ac 9-phosphate synthase;
NCAM	Neural cell adhesion molecule;
NEU	Neuraminidase; sialidase; acetylneuraminyl hydrolase;
Neu5Ac	N-acetylneuraminic acid;
Neu5Gc	N-glycolylneuraminic acid;
NK cell	Natural killer cell;
PD-1/PD-L1	Programmed cell death protein 1/ligand 1;
PECAM	Platelet endothelial cells adhesion molecule;
PEP	Phosphoenolpyruvate;
Siglec	Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins;
SNA	Sambucus nigra lectin;
TMT	Tandem mass tag;
TSA	Total sialic acid;
UDP-GlcNAc	Uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine;
VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor;
VEGFR	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.