8OG	8-oxo-2deoxyguanosine
ACE	angiotensin-converting enzyme
AP1	Activator protein 1
ADD1	α-adducin
ADMA	Asymmetric dimethylarginine
AGT	angiotensinogen
AMPK	adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
Ang II	angiotensin II
ATP	adenosine triphosphate
BH4	tetra hydro biopterine
cAMP	cyclic adenine monophosphate
CpG	cytosine-phosphate-guanine
CREB	cAMP response element-binding protein
CVD	cardiovascular disease
DNA	desoxiribonucleic acid
DOHaD	developmental origins of health and disease
ECM	extracellular matrix
eNOS	endothelial nitric oxide synthase
ET-1	endothelin 1
FoxO	forkhead family of transcription factors
H1 to H4	histones
HATs	histone acetyltransferases
HDACs	histone deacetylases
L-NAME	L-NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester
lncRNA	long non-coding RNAs
MADS	acronym referring to the four founding members of the MADS family of proteins that are MCM1 from the budding yeast, AGAMOUS from the thale cress Arabidopsis thaliana, DEFICIENS from the snapdragon Antirrhinum majus and SRF (serum response factor) from the human Homo sapiens
MEF2	myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2
miRNAs	micro ribonucleic acids
MMP	metalloproteinases
mRNA	messenger RNA
NADPH	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NF-κB	Nuclear factor-kappa B
NKCC1	Na+/K+/2Cl− cotransporter 1
NO	nitric oxide
NOX	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase
Nrf2	NF-E2-related factor 2
OS	oxidative stress
PcG	Polycomb group proteins
PGC-1α	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors coactivator-1α
PI3K	phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
piRNAs	piwi-interacting ribonucleic acids
PKB/Akt	Protein Kinase B
PPARs	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
RAS	rennin angiotensin system
RNA	ribonucleic acid
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SDMA	symmetric dimethylarginine
siRNAs	short interfering ribonucleic acids
SIRT	silent information regulator transcript
SMAD	Small Mothers Against Decantaplegic transcription factors
SMC	smooth muscle cells
SOD	superoxide dismutase
SRF	serum response factor
TCE	transforming growth factor control element
TGF	transforming growth factor
Th 1- 17	T helper lymphocytes
TLR	Toll-like receptor
TMAO	trimethylamine oxide
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor-α
VSMC	vascular smooth muscle cells
XO	xanthine oxidase